Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-400

Discouraged

Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.

6465 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-Q8PP-MMM3-9J9W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-20 12:32 – Updated: 2025-03-20 12:32
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability in the Dockerized version of mintplex-labs/anything-llm (latest, digest 1d9452da2b92) allows for a denial of service. Uploading an audio file with a very low sample rate causes the functionality responsible for transcribing it to crash the entire site instance. The issue arises from the localWhisper implementation, where resampling the audio file from 1 Hz to 16000 Hz quickly exceeds available memory, leading to the Docker instance being killed by the instance manager.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-7771"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-20T10:15:37Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability in the Dockerized version of mintplex-labs/anything-llm (latest, digest 1d9452da2b92) allows for a denial of service. Uploading an audio file with a very low sample rate causes the functionality responsible for transcribing it to crash the entire site instance. The issue arises from the localWhisper implementation, where resampling the audio file from 1 Hz to 16000 Hz quickly exceeds available memory, leading to the Docker instance being killed by the instance manager.",
  "id": "GHSA-q8pp-mmm3-9j9w",
  "modified": "2025-03-20T12:32:46Z",
  "published": "2025-03-20T12:32:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-7771"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mintplex-labs/anything-llm/commit/dd017c6cbbf42abdef7861a66558c53b66424d07"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://huntr.com/bounties/a31a9834-e9c4-4b50-a1ec-ecb69f2a6142"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q8Q4-QC97-4QVH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-03 21:31 – Updated: 2026-08-05 18:31
VLAI
Details

The Ref::SignalGen component of fprime framework v4.2.2 does not validate the safety of user-controlled parameters, allowing attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via inputting unsafe parameters.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-67976"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-03T21:16:41Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The Ref::SignalGen component of fprime framework v4.2.2 does not validate the safety of user-controlled parameters, allowing attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via inputting unsafe parameters.",
  "id": "GHSA-q8q4-qc97-4qvh",
  "modified": "2026-08-05T18:31:29Z",
  "published": "2026-08-03T21:31:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-67976"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/freedomfoxvare/cve/issues/2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nasa/fprime"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q8W9-7FWW-V592

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:07 – Updated: 2025-04-11 03:58
VLAI
Details

The XML parser (xmlparse.c) in expat before 2.1.0 computes hash values without restricting the ability to trigger hash collisions predictably, which allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption) via an XML file with many identifiers with the same value.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2012-0876"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2012-07-03T19:55:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The XML parser (xmlparse.c) in expat before 2.1.0 computes hash values without restricting the ability to trigger hash collisions predictably, which allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption) via an XML file with many identifiers with the same value.",
  "id": "GHSA-q8w9-7fww-v592",
  "modified": "2025-04-11T03:58:59Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:07:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-0876"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://kc.mcafee.com/corporate/index?page=content\u0026id=SB10365"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/HT205637"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.tenable.com/security/tns-2016-20"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://bugs.python.org/issue13703#msg151870"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2013/Oct/msg00004.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2015/Dec/msg00005.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://mail.libexpat.org/pipermail/expat-discuss/2012-March/002768.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2012-0731.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-0062.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-2957.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/49504"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/51024"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/51040"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://sourceforge.net/projects/expat/files/expat/2.1.0"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail\u0026atid=110127\u0026aid=3496608\u0026group_id=10127"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2012/dsa-2525"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2012:041"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/bulletinjul2016-3090568.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/52379"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-1527-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-1613-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-1613-2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-Q8X5-G6X2-9X9F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-15 03:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:51
VLAI
Details

IBM Security Directory Suite VA 8.0.1 could allow an attacker to cause a denial of service due to uncontrolled resource consumption. IBM X-Force ID: 228588.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-33168"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-06-15T02:15:09Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "IBM Security Directory Suite VA 8.0.1 could allow an attacker to cause a denial of service due to uncontrolled resource consumption.  IBM X-Force ID:  228588.",
  "id": "GHSA-q8x5-g6x2-9x9f",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T04:51:37Z",
  "published": "2023-06-15T03:30:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-33168"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/228588"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7001885"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q8XJ-8XG3-W432

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2018-11-09 17:41 – Updated: 2022-09-14 22:03
VLAI
Summary
Uncontrolled Resource Consumption in spray-json
Details

Lightbend Spray spray-json through 1.3.4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (resource consumption) because of Algorithmic Complexity during the parsing of many JSON object fields (with keys that have the same hash code).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "io.spray:spray-json_2.12"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.3.5"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "io.spray:spray-json_2.11"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.3.5"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "io.spray:spray-json_2.10"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.3.5"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-18854"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-16T21:51:29Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Lightbend Spray spray-json through 1.3.4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (resource consumption) because of Algorithmic Complexity during the parsing of many JSON object fields (with keys that have the same hash code).",
  "id": "GHSA-q8xj-8xg3-w432",
  "modified": "2022-09-14T22:03:57Z",
  "published": "2018-11-09T17:41:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-18854"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/spray/spray-json/issues/277"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-q8xj-8xg3-w432"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/spray/spray-jso"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Uncontrolled Resource Consumption in spray-json"
}

GHSA-Q967-6VC6-RQR5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-21 12:30 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:34
VLAI
Details

A high privileged remote attacker can exhaust critical system resources by sending specifically crafted POST requests to the send-sms action in fast succession.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-41676"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-21T10:15:24Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A high privileged remote attacker can exhaust critical system resources by sending specifically crafted POST requests to the send-sms action in fast succession.",
  "id": "GHSA-q967-6vc6-rqr5",
  "modified": "2025-11-03T21:34:09Z",
  "published": "2025-07-21T12:30:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-41676"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://certvde.com/de/advisories/VDE-2025-058"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Jul/38"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q99M-P7HQ-5V4F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-12 00:00 – Updated: 2022-03-30 00:01
VLAI
Details

Rat.SetString in math/big in Go before 1.16.14 and 1.17.x before 1.17.7 has an overflow that can lead to Uncontrolled Memory Consumption.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-23772"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-190",
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-02-11T01:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Rat.SetString in math/big in Go before 1.16.14 and 1.17.x before 1.17.7 has an overflow that can lead to Uncontrolled Memory Consumption.",
  "id": "GHSA-q99m-p7hq-5v4f",
  "modified": "2022-03-30T00:01:42Z",
  "published": "2022-02-12T00:00:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23772"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://groups.google.com/g/golang-announce/c/SUsQn0aSgPQ"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/04/msg00017.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/04/msg00018.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202208-02"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20220225-0006"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2022.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q9GQ-6CQP-445J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-22 06:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:15
VLAI
Details

Bitcoin Core before 24.1, when debug mode is not used, allows attackers to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption) because draining the inventory-to-send queue is inefficient, as exploited in the wild in May 2023.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-33297"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-05-22T05:15:09Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Bitcoin Core before 24.1, when debug mode is not used, allows attackers to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption) because draining the inventory-to-send queue is inefficient, as exploited in the wild in May 2023.",
  "id": "GHSA-q9gq-6cqp-445j",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T04:15:56Z",
  "published": "2023-05-22T06:30:15Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-33297"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/issues/27586"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/issues/27623"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/dogecoin/dogecoin/issues/3243#issuecomment-1712575544"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/27610"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Common_Vulnerabilities_and_Exposures"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/master/doc/release-notes/release-notes-24.1.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/visualbasic6/drain"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/F2EI7SAP4QP2AJYK2JVEOO4GJ6DOBSM5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/H3CQY277NWXY3RFCZCJ4VKT2P3ROACEJ"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/F2EI7SAP4QP2AJYK2JVEOO4GJ6DOBSM5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/H3CQY277NWXY3RFCZCJ4VKT2P3ROACEJ"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://x.com/123456/status/1711601593399828530"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q9GW-32R3-98XH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-21 21:33 – Updated: 2025-10-21 21:33
VLAI
Details

Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: InnoDB). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.0-8.0.43, 8.4.0-8.4.6 and 9.0.0-9.4.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server as well as unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of MySQL Server accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 5.5 (Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-53054"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-21T20:20:43Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: InnoDB).  Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.0-8.0.43, 8.4.0-8.4.6 and  9.0.0-9.4.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server.  Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server as well as  unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of MySQL Server accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 5.5 (Integrity and Availability impacts).  CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H).",
  "id": "GHSA-q9gw-32r3-98xh",
  "modified": "2025-10-21T21:33:42Z",
  "published": "2025-10-21T21:33:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-53054"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2025.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q9MH-R9FG-8H8R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-20 15:33 – Updated: 2026-02-02 18:31
VLAI
Details

A security issue exists within ArmorStart® LT that can result in a denial-of-service condition. During execution of the Achilles Comprehensive limited storm tests, the device reboots unexpectedly, causing the Link State Monitor to go down for several seconds.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-9282"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-20T14:16:12Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A security issue exists within ArmorStart\u00ae LT that can result in a denial-of-service condition. During execution of the Achilles Comprehensive limited storm tests, the device reboots unexpectedly, causing the Link State Monitor to go down for several seconds.",
  "id": "GHSA-q9mh-r9fg-8h8r",
  "modified": "2026-02-02T18:31:31Z",
  "published": "2026-01-20T15:33:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9282"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.rockwellautomation.com/en-us/trust-center/security-advisories/advisory.SD1768.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Design throttling mechanisms into the system architecture. The best protection is to limit the amount of resources that an unauthorized user can cause to be expended. A strong authentication and access control model will help prevent such attacks from occurring in the first place. The login application should be protected against DoS attacks as much as possible. Limiting the database access, perhaps by caching result sets, can help minimize the resources expended. To further limit the potential for a DoS attack, consider tracking the rate of requests received from users and blocking requests that exceed a defined rate threshold.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Mitigation of resource exhaustion attacks requires that the target system either:
  • The first of these solutions is an issue in itself though, since it may allow attackers to prevent the use of the system by a particular valid user. If the attacker impersonates the valid user, they may be able to prevent the user from accessing the server in question.
  • The second solution is simply difficult to effectively institute -- and even when properly done, it does not provide a full solution. It simply makes the attack require more resources on the part of the attacker.
  • recognizes the attack and denies that user further access for a given amount of time, or
  • uniformly throttles all requests in order to make it more difficult to consume resources more quickly than they can again be freed.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that protocols have specific limits of scale placed on them.

Mitigation
Implementation

Ensure that all failures in resource allocation place the system into a safe posture.

CAPEC-147: XML Ping of the Death

An attacker initiates a resource depletion attack where a large number of small XML messages are delivered at a sufficiently rapid rate to cause a denial of service or crash of the target. Transactions such as repetitive SOAP transactions can deplete resources faster than a simple flooding attack because of the additional resources used by the SOAP protocol and the resources necessary to process SOAP messages. The transactions used are immaterial as long as they cause resource utilization on the target. In other words, this is a normal flooding attack augmented by using messages that will require extra processing on the target.

CAPEC-227: Sustained Client Engagement

An adversary attempts to deny legitimate users access to a resource by continually engaging a specific resource in an attempt to keep the resource tied up as long as possible. The adversary's primary goal is not to crash or flood the target, which would alert defenders; rather it is to repeatedly perform actions or abuse algorithmic flaws such that a given resource is tied up and not available to a legitimate user. By carefully crafting a requests that keep the resource engaged through what is seemingly benign requests, legitimate users are limited or completely denied access to the resource.

CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup

An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.