Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-35

Allowed

Path Traversal: '.../...//'

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Incomplete

The product uses external input to construct a pathname that should be within a restricted directory, but it does not properly neutralize '.../...//' (doubled triple dot slash) sequences that can resolve to a location that is outside of that directory.

366 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2021-1282 (GCVE-0-2021-1282)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-01-20 19:56 – Updated: 2024-11-12 20:25
VLAI
Title
Cisco Unified Communications Products Vulnerabilities
Summary
Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco Unified Communications Manager IM & Presence Service (Unified CM IM&P) could allow an attacker to conduct path traversal attacks and SQL injection attacks on an affected system. One of the SQL injection vulnerabilities that affects Unified CM IM&P also affects Cisco Unified Communications Manager (Unified CM) and Cisco Unified Communications Manager Session Management Edition (Unified CM SME) and could allow an attacker to conduct SQL injection attacks on an affected system. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-11-08 20:52 UTC
CWE
References
URL Tags
https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/C… vendor-advisoryx_refsource_CISCO
Impacted products
Date Public
2021-01-20 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2021-1132 (GCVE-0-2021-1132)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-11-18 15:42 – Updated: 2024-11-18 16:36
VLAI
Title
Cisco Network Services Orchestrator Path Traversal Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in the API subsystem and in the web-management interface of Cisco Network Services Orchestrator (NSO) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to access sensitive data. This vulnerability exists because the web-management interface and certain HTTP-based APIs do not properly validate user-supplied input. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted HTTP request that contains directory traversal character sequences to an affected system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to access sensitive files on the affected system.Cisco has released software updates that address this vulnerability. There are no workarounds that address this vulnerability.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-11-18 16:34 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-35 - Path Traversal: '.../...//'
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Cisco Cisco Network Services Orchestrator Affected: 5.3.1
Affected: 5.4.0.1
Affected: 5.4
Affected: 5.4.0.2
Create a notification for this product.
cisco network_services_orchestrator Affected: 5.3.1
Affected: 5.4
Affected: 5.4.0.1
Affected: 5.4.0.2
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:network_services_orchestrator:5.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:network_services_orchestrator:5.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:network_services_orchestrator:5.4.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:network_services_orchestrator:5.4.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2020-27130 (GCVE-0-2020-27130)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2020-11-17 03:10 – Updated: 2024-11-13 17:40
VLAI
Title
Cisco Security Manager Path Traversal Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in Cisco Security Manager could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to gain access to sensitive information. The vulnerability is due to improper validation of directory traversal character sequences within requests to an affected device. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted request to the affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to download arbitrary files from the affected device.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-11-13 17:10 UTC
CWE
References
URL Tags
https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/C… vendor-advisoryx_refsource_CISCO
Impacted products
Date Public
2020-11-16 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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              "value": "A vulnerability in Cisco Security Manager could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to gain access to sensitive information. The vulnerability is due to improper validation of directory traversal character sequences within requests to an affected device. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted request to the affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to download arbitrary files from the affected device."
            }
          ]
        },
        "exploit": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "The Cisco Product Security Incident Response Team (PSIRT) is aware of public announcements about this vulnerability. Cisco PSIRT is not aware of malicious use of the vulnerability that is described in this advisory."
          }
        ],
        "impact": {
          "cvss": {
            "baseScore": "9.1",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
            "version": "3.0"
          }
        },
        "problemtype": {
          "problemtype_data": [
            {
              "description": [
                {
                  "lang": "eng",
                  "value": "CWE-35"
                }
              ]
            }
          ]
        },
        "references": {
          "reference_data": [
            {
              "name": "20201116 Cisco Security Manager Path Traversal Vulnerability",
              "refsource": "CISCO",
              "url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-csm-path-trav-NgeRnqgR"
            }
          ]
        },
        "source": {
          "advisory": "cisco-sa-csm-path-trav-NgeRnqgR",
          "defect": [
            [
              "CSCvu99995"
            ]
          ],
          "discovery": "INTERNAL"
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "d1c1063e-7a18-46af-9102-31f8928bc633",
    "assignerShortName": "cisco",
    "cveId": "CVE-2020-27130",
    "datePublished": "2020-11-17T03:10:26.483Z",
    "dateReserved": "2020-10-13T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2024-11-13T17:40:24.850Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

CVE-2020-26073 (GCVE-0-2020-26073)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-11-18 15:57 – Updated: 2024-11-18 16:52
VLAI
Title
Cisco SD-WAN vManage Directory Traversal Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in the application data endpoints of Cisco SD-WAN vManage Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to gain access to sensitive information. The vulnerability is due to improper validation of directory traversal character sequences within requests to application programmatic interfaces (APIs). An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending malicious requests to an API within the affected application. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to conduct directory traversal attacks and gain access to sensitive information including credentials or user tokens.Cisco has released software updates that address this vulnerability. There are no workarounds that address this vulnerability.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-11-18 16:46 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-35 - Path Traversal: '.../...//'
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Cisco Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager Affected: 20.1.12
Affected: 19.2.1
Affected: 18.4.4
Affected: 18.4.5
Affected: 20.1.1.1
Affected: 20.1.1
Affected: 19.3.0
Affected: 19.2.2
Affected: 19.2.099
Affected: 18.3.6
Affected: 18.3.7
Affected: 19.2.0
Affected: 18.3.8
Affected: 19.0.0
Affected: 19.1.0
Affected: 18.4.302
Affected: 18.4.303
Affected: 19.2.097
Affected: 19.2.098
Affected: 17.2.10
Affected: 18.3.6.1
Affected: 19.0.1a
Affected: 18.2.0
Affected: 18.4.3
Affected: 18.4.1
Affected: 17.2.8
Affected: 18.3.3.1
Affected: 18.4.0
Affected: 18.3.1
Affected: 17.2.6
Affected: 17.2.9
Affected: 18.3.4
Affected: 17.2.5
Affected: 18.3.1.1
Affected: 18.3.5
Affected: 18.4.0.1
Affected: 18.3.3
Affected: 17.2.7
Affected: 17.2.4
Affected: 18.3.0
Affected: 19.2.3
Affected: 18.4.501_ES
Affected: 20.3.1
Affected: 20.1.2
Affected: 19.2.929
Affected: 19.2.31
Create a notification for this product.
cisco catalyst_sd-wan_manager Affected: 20.1.12
Affected: 19.2.1
Affected: 18.4.4
Affected: 18.4.5
Affected: 20.1.1.1
Affected: 20.1.1
Affected: 19.3.0
Affected: 19.2.2
Affected: 19.2.099
Affected: 18.3.6
Affected: 18.3.7
Affected: 19.2.0
Affected: 18.3.8
Affected: 19.0.0
Affected: 19.1.0
Affected: 18.4.302
Affected: 18.4.303
Affected: 19.2.097
Affected: 19.2.098
Affected: 17.2.10
Affected: 18.3.6.1
Affected: 19.0.1a
Affected: 18.2.0
Affected: 18.4.3
Affected: 18.4.1
Affected: 17.2.8
Affected: 18.3.3.1
Affected: 18.4.0
Affected: 18.3.1
Affected: 17.2.6
Affected: 17.2.9
Affected: 18.3.4
Affected: 17.2.5
Affected: 18.3.1.1
Affected: 18.3.5
Affected: 18.4.0.1
Affected: 18.3.3
Affected: 17.2.7
Affected: 17.2.4
Affected: 18.3.0
Affected: 19.2.3
Affected: 18.4.501_es
Affected: 20.3.1
Affected: 20.1.2
Affected: 19.2.929
Affected: 19.2.31
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    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:catalyst_sd-wan_manager:19.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:catalyst_sd-wan_manager:19.2.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:catalyst_sd-wan_manager:19.2.099:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:catalyst_sd-wan_manager:18.3.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:catalyst_sd-wan_manager:18.3.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:catalyst_sd-wan_manager:18.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:catalyst_sd-wan_manager:17.2.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:catalyst_sd-wan_manager:19.2.31:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "18.4.1"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "17.2.8"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "18.3.3.1"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "18.4.0"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "18.3.1"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "17.2.6"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "17.2.9"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "18.3.4"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "17.2.5"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "18.3.1.1"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "18.3.5"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "18.4.0.1"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "18.3.3"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "17.2.7"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "17.2.4"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "18.3.0"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "19.2.3"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "18.4.501_ES"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "20.3.1"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "20.1.2"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "19.2.929"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "19.2.31"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "A vulnerability in the application data endpoints of Cisco\u0026nbsp;SD-WAN vManage Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to gain access to sensitive information.\r\nThe vulnerability is due to improper validation of directory traversal character sequences within requests to application programmatic interfaces (APIs). An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending malicious requests to an API within the affected application. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to conduct directory traversal attacks and gain access to sensitive information including credentials or user tokens.Cisco\u0026nbsp;has released software updates that address this vulnerability. There are no workarounds that address this vulnerability."
        }
      ],
      "exploits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "The Cisco\u00a0Product Security Incident Response Team (PSIRT) is not aware of any public announcements or malicious use of the vulnerability that is described in this advisory."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N/RL:X/RC:X/E:X",
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      "providerMetadata": {
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        },
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          "name": "https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-vmanage-escalation-Jhqs5Skf",
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        "defects": [
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        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "title": "Cisco SD-WAN vManage Directory Traversal Vulnerability"
    }
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  "cveMetadata": {
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CVE-2018-3744 (GCVE-0-2018-3744)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2018-05-29 20:00 – Updated: 2024-09-16 22:55
VLAI
Summary
The html-pages node module contains a path traversal vulnerabilities that allows an attacker to read any file from the server with cURL.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
  • CWE-35 - Path Traversal: '.../...//' (CWE-35)
References
Impacted products
Date Public
2018-04-26 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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GHSA-27Q7-GWCR-RRQP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-03 06:31 – Updated: 2026-02-06 21:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability in Brocade Fabric OS before 9.2.1 could allow an authenticated attacker with admin privileges using the shell command “grep” to modify the path variables and move upwards in the directory structure or to traverse to different directories.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-58380"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-35"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-03T05:16:21Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability in Brocade Fabric OS before 9.2.1 could allow an authenticated attacker with admin privileges using the shell command \u201cgrep\u201d to modify the path variables and move upwards in the directory structure or to traverse to different directories.",
  "id": "GHSA-27q7-gwcr-rrqp",
  "modified": "2026-02-06T21:30:48Z",
  "published": "2026-02-03T06:31:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-58380"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.broadcom.com/web/ecx/support-content-notification/-/external/content/SecurityAdvisories/0/36854"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-282R-W9M2-4R2W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-09 18:32 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:35
VLAI
Details

Path Traversal vulnerability in Mikado-Themes Grill and Chow allows PHP Local File Inclusion. This issue affects Grill and Chow: from n/a through 1.6.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-49297"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-35"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-06-09T16:15:46Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Path Traversal vulnerability in Mikado-Themes Grill and Chow allows PHP Local File Inclusion. This issue affects Grill and Chow: from n/a through 1.6.",
  "id": "GHSA-282r-w9m2-4r2w",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:35:26Z",
  "published": "2025-06-09T18:32:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-49297"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/theme/grillandchow/vulnerability/wordpress-grill-and-chow-1-6-local-file-inclusion-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
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  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
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      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2C82-59WW-VX6G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-06 15:31 – Updated: 2026-07-07 12:31
VLAI
Details

Path Traversal vulnerability in NotFound ARForms allows Path Traversal.This issue affects ARForms: from n/a through 6.4.1.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-54216"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
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    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-06T14:15:26Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Path Traversal vulnerability in NotFound ARForms allows Path Traversal.This issue affects ARForms: from n/a through 6.4.1.",
  "id": "GHSA-2c82-59ww-vx6g",
  "modified": "2026-07-07T12:31:26Z",
  "published": "2024-12-06T15:31:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-54216"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/arforms/vulnerability/wordpress-arforms-plugin-6-4-1-subscriber-arbitrary-file-read-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
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  "severity": [
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      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2CW4-5FXP-F6GF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-06 18:32 – Updated: 2026-01-20 15:31
VLAI
Details

Path Traversal: '.../...//' vulnerability in CocoBasic Blanka - One Page WordPress Theme blanka-wp allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Blanka - One Page WordPress Theme: from n/a through < 1.5.

Show details on source website

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  "aliases": [
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    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-11-06T16:15:52Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Path Traversal: \u0027.../...//\u0027 vulnerability in CocoBasic Blanka - One Page WordPress Theme blanka-wp allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Blanka - One Page WordPress Theme: from n/a through \u003c 1.5.",
  "id": "GHSA-2cw4-5fxp-f6gf",
  "modified": "2026-01-20T15:31:47Z",
  "published": "2025-11-06T18:32:52Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48090"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Theme/blanka-wp/vulnerability/wordpress-blanka-one-page-wordpress-theme-theme-1-5-local-file-inclusion-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Theme/blanka-wp/vulnerability/wordpress-blanka-one-page-wordpress-theme-theme-1-5-local-file-inclusion-vulnerability"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Theme/blanka-wp/vulnerability/wordpress-blanka-one-page-wordpress-theme-theme-1-5-local-file-inclusion-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
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  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2F84-Q26F-JCHX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:39 – Updated: 2022-10-29 12:00
VLAI
Details

Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco Unified Communications Manager IM & Presence Service (Unified CM IM&P) could allow an attacker to conduct path traversal attacks and SQL injection attacks on an affected system. One of the SQL injection vulnerabilities that affects Unified CM IM&P also affects Cisco Unified Communications Manager (Unified CM) and Cisco Unified Communications Manager Session Management Edition (Unified CM SME) and could allow an attacker to conduct SQL injection attacks on an affected system. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-1357"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-22",
      "CWE-35"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-01-20T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco Unified Communications Manager IM \u0026amp; Presence Service (Unified CM IM\u0026amp;P) could allow an attacker to conduct path traversal attacks and SQL injection attacks on an affected system. One of the SQL injection vulnerabilities that affects Unified CM IM\u0026amp;P also affects Cisco Unified Communications Manager (Unified CM) and Cisco Unified Communications Manager Session Management Edition (Unified CM SME) and could allow an attacker to conduct SQL injection attacks on an affected system.\n For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.\n ",
  "id": "GHSA-2f84-q26f-jchx",
  "modified": "2022-10-29T12:00:36Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:39:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1357"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-imp-trav-inj-dM687ZD6"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-5.1
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • When validating filenames, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
  • Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, the ".../...//" manipulation is useful for bypassing some path traversal protection schemes. If "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion (as some regular expression engines and other algorithms operate) the string can collapse into the unsafe "../" value (CWE-182). Removing the first "../" yields "....//" and the second removal yields "../".
Mitigation MIT-20
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.