Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-359
AllowedExposure of Private Personal Information to an Unauthorized Actor
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product does not properly prevent a person's private, personal information from being accessed by actors who either (1) are not explicitly authorized to access the information or (2) do not have the implicit consent of the person about whom the information is collected.
356 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-48615 (GCVE-0-2026-48615)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-26 01:14 – Updated: 2026-06-26 13:35
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A flaw in Node.js proxy tunnel error handling could expose proxy credentials in `ERR_PROXY_TUNNEL` error messages.
When proxy credentials are embedded in the proxy URL, they may be exposed through error handling paths and captured by logs, diagnostics, or other error consumers.
This vulnerability affects all supported release lines: **Node.js 22**, **Node.js 24**, and **Node.js 26**.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-26 13:34 UTC
CWE
- CWE-359 - Privacy Violation
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-48048 (GCVE-0-2026-48048)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-10 15:52 – Updated: 2026-08-10 21:11
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
XWiki Platform's Livetable results still allow reconstructing password hashes using 768 requests
Summary
XWiki Platform is a generic wiki platform. XWiki discovered that the patch for GHSA-5cf8-vrr8-8hjm was insufficient. Starting with version 6.2.1 and prior to versions 18.0.0RC1, 17.10.13, 17.4.9 and 16.10.17, with slightly modified parameters to the `LiveTableResults`, it is still possible to discover password hashes one bit at a time, so with 768 requests, the full password salt and hash can be retrieved of a user. The check for password (and email properties) has been adjusted in XWiki 18.0.0RC1, 17.10.13, 17.4.9 and 16.10.17. As a workaround, the patch can be applied manually to the wiki page `XWiki.LiveTableResultsMacros`.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-10 19:03 UTC
CWE
- CWE-359 - Exposure of Private Personal Information to an Unauthorized Actor
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/security/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/c4… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-23875 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| xwiki | xwiki-platform |
Affected:
>= 6.2.1, < 16.10.17
Affected: >= 17.0.0-rc-1, < 17.4.9 Affected: >= 17.5.0-rc-1, < 17.10.3 |
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CVE-2026-41182 (GCVE-0-2026-41182)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-23 00:14 – Updated: 2026-04-23 16:23
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
LangSmith SDK: Streaming token events bypass output redaction
Summary
LangSmith Client SDKs provide SDK's for interacting with the LangSmith platform. Prior to version 0.5.19 of the JavaScript SDK and version 0.7.31 of the Python SDK, the LangSmith SDK's output redaction controls (hideOutputs in JS, hide_outputs in Python) do not apply to streaming token events. When an LLM run produces streaming output, each chunk is recorded as a new_token event containing the raw token value. These events bypass the redaction pipeline entirely — prepareRunCreateOrUpdateInputs (JS) and _hide_run_outputs (Python) only process the inputs and outputs fields on a run, never the events array. As a result, applications relying on output redaction to prevent sensitive LLM output from being stored in LangSmith will still leak the full streamed content via run events. Version 0.5.19 of the JavaScript SDK and version 0.7.31 of the Python SDK fix the issue.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-23 14:22 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/langchain-ai/langsmith-sdk/sec… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| langchain-ai | langsmith-sdk |
Affected:
< 0.5.19
Affected: < 0.7.31 |
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CVE-2026-39372 (GCVE-0-2026-39372)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-25 15:21 – Updated: 2026-09-29 19:12
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
InvoicePlane: Sensitive Information Disclosure via Unstripped EXIF Metadata in Attachments
Summary
InvoicePlane is a self-hosted open source application for managing invoices, clients, and payments. Prior to 1.7.2, InvoicePlane stores and serves uploaded image attachments without stripping EXIF metadata. When an administrator uploads an image through invoice attachments, quote attachments, or another attachment feature and shares it with another user, the recipient can retrieve embedded GPS coordinates, timestamps, and device information. The preserved metadata can disclose private location and device details across users. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.7.2.
Severity
4.9 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-29 19:09 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/InvoicePlane/InvoicePlane/secu… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/InvoicePlane/InvoicePlane/pull/1507 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/InvoicePlane/InvoicePlane/comm… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/InvoicePlane/InvoicePlane/rele… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| InvoicePlane | InvoicePlane |
Affected:
< 1.7.2
|
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CVE-2026-34226 (GCVE-0-2026-34226)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-27 21:17 – Updated: 2026-07-15 01:04
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Happy DOM's fetch credentials include uses page-origin cookies instead of target-origin cookies
Summary
Happy DOM is a JavaScript implementation of a web browser without its graphical user interface. Versions prior to 20.8.9 may attach cookies from the current page origin (`window.location`) instead of the request target URL when `fetch(..., { credentials: "include" })` is used. This can leak cookies from origin A to destination B. Version 20.8.9 fixes the issue.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-03-31 14:25 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
8 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/capricorn86/happy-dom/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/capricorn86/happy-dom/pull/2117 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/capricorn86/happy-dom/commit/6… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/capricorn86/happy-dom/blob/f8d… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/capricorn86/happy-dom/releases… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-34226 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2452519 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… | x_sadp-csaf-vex |
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| capricorn86 | happy-dom |
Affected:
< 20.8.9
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4
|
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CVE-2026-26237 (GCVE-0-2026-26237)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-10 03:15 – Updated: 2026-06-17 01:54
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
QuMagie
Summary
A missing authorization vulnerability has been reported to affect QuMagie. The remote attackers can then exploit the vulnerability to access unauthorized data or perform unauthorized actions.
We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following version:
QuMagie 2.9.0 and later
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-10 15:25 UTC
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QuMagie |
Affected:
2.9.0 , < 2.9.1
(custom)
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CVE-2026-25699 (GCVE-0-2026-25699)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-09 07:33 – Updated: 2026-06-09 14:58
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache Answer: Authorization Bypass in Timeline API
Summary
Exposure of Private Personal Information to an Unauthorized Actor vulnerability in Apache Answer.
This issue affects Apache Answer: through 2.0.0.
Timeline-related APIs lacked proper authorization checks, allowing regular authenticated users to access deleted, private, or unapproved content and its revision history.
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Severity
6.1 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-09 14:57 UTC
CWE
- CWE-359 - Exposure of Private Personal Information to an Unauthorized Actor
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Answer |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.0.0
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CVE-2026-24735 (GCVE-0-2026-24735)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-04 10:41 – Updated: 2026-02-04 18:15
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache Answer: Revision API Improper Access Control leads to Information Disclosure
Summary
Exposure of Private Personal Information to an Unauthorized Actor vulnerability in Apache Answer.
This issue affects Apache Answer: through 1.7.1.
An unauthenticated API endpoint incorrectly exposes full revision history for deleted content. This allows unauthorized user to retrieve restricted or sensitive information.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 2.0.0, which fixes the issue.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-02-04 15:41 UTC
CWE
- CWE-359 - Exposure of Private Personal Information to an Unauthorized Actor
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Answer |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.7.1
(semver)
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CVE-2026-24321 (GCVE-0-2026-24321)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-10 03:03 – Updated: 2026-02-10 17:01
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Information Disclosure vulnerability in SAP Commerce Cloud
Summary
SAP Commerce Cloud exposes multiple API endpoints to unauthenticated users, allowing them to submit requests to these open endpoints to retrieve sensitive information that is not intended to be publicly accessible via the front-end. This vulnerability has a low impact on confidentiality and does not affect integrity and availability.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-02-10 17:01 UTC
CWE
- CWE-359 - Exposure of Private Personal Information to an Unauthorized Actor
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SAP_SE | SAP Commerce Cloud |
Affected:
HY_COM 2205
Affected: COM_CLOUD 2211 Affected: 2211-JDK21 |
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CVE-2026-24078 (GCVE-0-2026-24078)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-04 15:07 – Updated: 2026-08-04 16:02
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Exposure of Private Personal Information to an Unauthorized Actor in Data Modem
Summary
Information Disclosure when IPSec negotiation fails or is not established properly during NG-eCall SIP signaling.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-04 16:02 UTC
CWE
- CWE-359 - Exposure of Private Personal Information to an Unauthorized Actor
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Qualcomm, Inc. | Snapdragon |
Affected:
5G Fixed Wireless Access Platform
Affected: AR8035 Affected: CSRA6620 Affected: CSRA6640 Affected: FastConnect 6200 Affected: FastConnect 6700 Affected: FastConnect 6800 Affected: FastConnect 6900 Affected: FastConnect 7800 Affected: FSM200 Platform Affected: FSM20055 Affected: FWA Gen 3 Ultra Platform Affected: G1 Gen 1 Affected: Milos Affected: Netrani Affected: Orne Affected: Palawan25 Affected: QCA6174A Affected: QCA6391 Affected: QCA6574A Affected: QCA6574AU Affected: QCA6584AU Affected: QCA6595AU Affected: QCA6678AQ Affected: QCA6688AQ Affected: QCA6696 Affected: QCA6698AQ Affected: QCA6698AU Affected: QCA6797AQ Affected: QCA8081 Affected: QCA8337 Affected: QCC710 Affected: QCM2290 Affected: QCM4325 Affected: QCM4490 Affected: QCM5430 Affected: QCM6490 Affected: QCN6024 Affected: QCN6224 Affected: QCN6274 Affected: QCN9011 Affected: QCN9012 Affected: QCN9024 Affected: QCS2290 Affected: QCS4290 Affected: QCS4490 Affected: QCS8550 Affected: QEP8111 Affected: QFW7114 Affected: QFW7124 Affected: QMP1000 Affected: Qualcomm Video Collaboration VC3 Platform Affected: Robotics RB2 Platform Affected: SD 8 Gen1 5G Affected: SD662 Affected: SDX57M Affected: SDX61 Affected: SM6225P Affected: SM6650P Affected: SM7325P Affected: SM7435 Affected: SM7550 Affected: SM7550P Affected: SM7635P Affected: SM7675 Affected: SM7675P Affected: SM8475P Affected: SM8550P Affected: SM8635 Affected: SM8635P Affected: SM8650Q Affected: SM8750P Affected: Snapdragon 4 Gen 1 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 4 Gen 2 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 460 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 480 5G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 480+ 5G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 6 Gen 1 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 6 Gen 3 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 6 Gen 4 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 662 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 680 4G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 685 4G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 690 5G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 695 5G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 7 Gen 1 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 7+ Gen 2 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 778G 5G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 778G+ 5G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 782G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 7c+ Gen 3 Compute Affected: Snapdragon 7s Gen 3 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 8 Elite Affected: Snapdragon 8 Gen 1 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 8 Gen 3 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 8+ Gen 1 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 8+ Gen 2 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 865 5G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 865+ 5G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 870 5G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 888 5G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 888+ 5G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon Auto 5G Modem-RF Affected: Snapdragon Auto 5G Modem-RF Gen 2 Affected: Snapdragon W5+ Gen 1 Wearable Platform Affected: Snapdragon X32 5G Modem-RF System Affected: Snapdragon X35 5G Modem-RF System Affected: Snapdragon X53 5G Modem-RF System Affected: Snapdragon X55 5G Modem-RF System Affected: Snapdragon X65 5G Modem-RF System Affected: Snapdragon X72 5G Modem-RF System Affected: Snapdragon X75 5G Modem-RF System Affected: SW5100 Affected: SW5100P Affected: SW6100 Affected: SW6100P Affected: Themisto Affected: WCD9335 Affected: WCD9340 Affected: WCD9360 Affected: WCD9370 Affected: WCD9371 Affected: WCD9375 Affected: WCD9378 Affected: WCD9380 Affected: WCD9385 Affected: WCD9390 Affected: WCD9395 Affected: WCN3910 Affected: WCN3950 Affected: WCN3980 Affected: WCN3988 Affected: WCN6650 Affected: WCN6755 Affected: WCN7860 Affected: WCN7861 Affected: WCN7880 Affected: WCN7881 Affected: WSA8810 Affected: WSA8815 Affected: WSA8830 Affected: WSA8832 Affected: WSA8835 Affected: WSA8840 Affected: WSA8845 Affected: WSA8845H |
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},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "WCN3980"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "WCN3988"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "WCN6650"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "WCN6755"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "WCN7860"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "WCN7861"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "WCN7880"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "WCN7881"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "WSA8810"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "WSA8815"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "WSA8830"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "WSA8832"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "WSA8835"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "WSA8840"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "WSA8845"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "WSA8845H"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Information Disclosure when IPSec negotiation fails or is not established properly during NG-eCall SIP signaling."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 6.5,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-359",
"description": "CWE-359: Exposure of Private Personal Information to an Unauthorized Actor",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-04T15:07:15.997Z",
"orgId": "2cfc7d3e-20d3-47ac-8db7-1b7285aff15f",
"shortName": "qualcomm"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://docs.qualcomm.com/product/publicresources/securitybulletin/august-2026-bulletin.html"
}
],
"title": "Exposure of Private Personal Information to an Unauthorized Actor in Data Modem"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "2cfc7d3e-20d3-47ac-8db7-1b7285aff15f",
"assignerShortName": "qualcomm",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-24078",
"datePublished": "2026-08-04T15:07:15.997Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-01-21T12:51:13.995Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-04T16:02:55.382Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Requirements
Identify and consult all relevant regulations for personal privacy. An organization may be required to comply with certain federal and state regulations, depending on its location, the type of business it conducts, and the nature of any private data it handles. Regulations may include Safe Harbor Privacy Framework [REF-340], Gramm-Leach Bliley Act (GLBA) [REF-341], Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) [REF-342], General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) [REF-1047], California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) [REF-1048], and others.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Carefully evaluate how secure design may interfere with privacy, and vice versa. Security and privacy concerns often seem to compete with each other. From a security perspective, all important operations should be recorded so that any anomalous activity can later be identified. However, when private data is involved, this practice can in fact create risk. Although there are many ways in which private data can be handled unsafely, a common risk stems from misplaced trust. Programmers often trust the operating environment in which a program runs, and therefore believe that it is acceptable store private information on the file system, in the registry, or in other locally-controlled resources. However, even if access to certain resources is restricted, this does not guarantee that the individuals who do have access can be trusted.
Mitigation MIT-57
Implementation
Operation
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
- Some tools can automatically analyze documents to redact, strip, or "sanitize" private information, although some human review might be necessary. Tools may vary in terms of which document formats can be processed.
- When calling an external program to automatically generate or convert documents, invoke the program with any available options that avoid generating sensitive metadata. Some formats have well-defined fields that could contain private data, such as Exchangeable image file format (Exif), which can contain potentially sensitive metadata such as geolocation, date, and time [REF-1515] [REF-1516].
CAPEC-464: Evercookie
An attacker creates a very persistent cookie that stays present even after the user thinks it has been removed. The cookie is stored on the victim's machine in over ten places. When the victim clears the cookie cache via traditional means inside the browser, that operation removes the cookie from certain places but not others. The malicious code then replicates the cookie from all of the places where it was not deleted to all of the possible storage locations once again. So the victim again has the cookie in all of the original storage locations. In other words, failure to delete the cookie in even one location will result in the cookie's resurrection everywhere. The evercookie will also persist across different browsers because certain stores (e.g., Local Shared Objects) are shared between different browsers.
CAPEC-467: Cross Site Identification
An attacker harvests identifying information about a victim via an active session that the victim's browser has with a social networking site. A victim may have the social networking site open in one tab or perhaps is simply using the "remember me" feature to keep their session with the social networking site active. An attacker induces a payload to execute in the victim's browser that transparently to the victim initiates a request to the social networking site (e.g., via available social network site APIs) to retrieve identifying information about a victim. While some of this information may be public, the attacker is able to harvest this information in context and may use it for further attacks on the user (e.g., spear phishing).
CAPEC-498: Probe iOS Screenshots
An adversary examines screenshot images created by iOS in an attempt to obtain sensitive information. This attack targets temporary screenshots created by the underlying OS while the application remains open in the background.
CAPEC-508: Shoulder Surfing
In a shoulder surfing attack, an adversary observes an unaware individual's keystrokes, screen content, or conversations with the goal of obtaining sensitive information. One motive for this attack is to obtain sensitive information about the target for financial, personal, political, or other gains. From an insider threat perspective, an additional motive could be to obtain system/application credentials or cryptographic keys. Shoulder surfing attacks are accomplished by observing the content "over the victim's shoulder", as implied by the name of this attack.