Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-345

Discouraged

Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product does not sufficiently verify the origin or authenticity of data, in a way that causes it to accept invalid data.

1243 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-54783 (GCVE-0-2026-54783)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 22:16 – Updated: 2026-07-10 03:55
VLAI
Title
CoreWCF: XML Signature Wrapping in WS-Security endorsing/supporting signature verification allows replay of captured signed messages
Summary
CoreWCF is a port of the service side of Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) to .NET Core. Prior to 1.8.1 and 1.9.1, CoreWCF WS-Security endorsing and supporting signature verification does not ensure the selected ds:Signature covers the expected Security header target, allowing an attacker with one captured signed SOAP envelope to replay arbitrary service operations as the victim principal. This issue is fixed in versions 1.8.1 and 1.9.1.
Severity
7.4 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-09 00:00 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-294 - Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
  • CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
  • CWE-347 - Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
CoreWCF CoreWCF Affected: >= 1.9.0, < 1.9.1
Affected: < 1.8.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54781 (GCVE-0-2026-54781)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 22:19 – Updated: 2026-07-09 14:40
VLAI
Title
CoreWCF: SAML SubjectConfirmation methods and holder-of-key proof keys are not enforced
Summary
CoreWCF is a port of the service side of Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) to .NET Core. Prior to 1.8.1 and 1.9.1, CoreWCF SAML token validation does not enforce SubjectConfirmation method URIs or holder-of-key proof keys in SamlSecurityTokenHandler, allowing holder-of-key downgrade or custom confirmation method assertions to authenticate a subject without proving authority over the assertion. This issue is fixed in versions 1.8.1 and 1.9.1.
Severity
7.4 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-09 14:31 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
  • CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
CoreWCF CoreWCF Affected: >= 1.9.0, < 1.9.1
Affected: < 1.8.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54774 (GCVE-0-2026-54774)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 22:17 – Updated: 2026-07-10 03:55
VLAI
Title
CoreWCF: SamlSerializer skips SignatureValue verification when SAML signing token is not an X.509 certificate
Summary
CoreWCF is a port of the service side of Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) to .NET Core. Prior to 1.8.1 and 1.9.1, SamlSerializer skips final SignatureValue verification when a CoreWCF service validates SAML tokens using a non-X.509 signing token, allowing an attacker to reference a non-X.509 SecurityToken key identifier and bypass assertion signature verification. This issue is fixed in versions 1.8.1 and 1.9.1.
Severity
7.4 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-09 00:00 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
  • CWE-347 - Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
CoreWCF CoreWCF Affected: >= 1.9.0, < 1.9.1
Affected: < 1.8.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54764 (GCVE-0-2026-54764)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-06 20:20 – Updated: 2026-07-07 14:03
VLAI
Title
ForwardAuth middleware leaks X-Forwarded-Port spoofing via untrusted X-Forwarded-Proto when trustForwardHeader=false
Summary
Traefik is an HTTP reverse proxy and load balancer. Prior to v2.11.51, v3.6.22, and v3.7.6, Traefik's ForwardAuth middleware, even when configured with trustForwardHeader: false, derives the X-Forwarded-Port header sent to the authentication service from the original incoming request instead of the sanitized forwarded request. As a result, an unauthenticated remote attacker can inject an X-Forwarded-Proto: https header over a plain HTTP connection and cause Traefik to forward X-Forwarded-Port: 443 to the authentication service, bypassing port-based authorization checks. This issue is fixed in versions v2.11.51, v3.6.22, and v3.7.6.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-07 14:03 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
traefik traefik Affected: < 2.11.51
Affected: >= 3.0.0, < 3.6.22
Affected: >= 3.7.0, < 3.7.6
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54763 (GCVE-0-2026-54763)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-06 20:33 – Updated: 2026-07-08 19:42
VLAI
Title
Traefik: headerField underscore-variant identity spoofing in BasicAuth / DigestAuth / ForwardAuth
Summary
Traefik is an HTTP reverse proxy and load balancer. Prior to v2.11.51, v3.6.22, and v3.7.6, Traefik's BasicAuth, DigestAuth, and ForwardAuth middlewares strip canonical-cased spoofed identity headers before writing Traefik's own value, but do not account for underscore-variant header names, which many backends normalize identically to dashed forms. An attacker able to reach a protected route can inject an underscore-variant header that survives Traefik's stripping and reaches the backend alongside, or on the unauthenticated ForwardAuth authResponseHeaders path instead of, the value Traefik intended to set, spoofing identity or authorization context. This issue is fixed in versions v2.11.51, v3.6.22, and v3.7.6.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-08 17:13 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
  • CWE-290 - Authentication Bypass by Spoofing
  • CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
traefik traefik Affected: < 2.11.51
Affected: >= 3.0.0-beta1, < 3.6.22
Affected: >= 3.7.0-ea.1, < 3.7.6
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-54608 (GCVE-0-2026-54608)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 21:48 – Updated: 2026-09-18 13:12
VLAI
Title
MythicalDash: Unauthenticated payment bypass in Stripe success-redirect endpoint allows arbitrary free credit top-up
Summary
MythicalDash is a Pterodactyl client area. In 3.5.4-aurora and earlier, GET /api/stripe/process in backend/app/Api/System/Gateways/Stripe.php creates a pending row in mythicaldash_stripe_payments before Stripe checkout succeeds and embeds the payment code in the success redirect, while GET /api/stripe/processed accepts that code without constructing a Session, checking ownership, or retrieving the Stripe Checkout Session to require payment_status to be paid and amount_total to match the expected charge. An ordinary authenticated user can request an attacker-selected coins amount, abandon or fail payment, and submit the pending code directly to the unauthenticated processed endpoint. StripeDB::isPending() then permits User::addCreditsAtomic() to grant the unpaid amount and mark the row processed even though Stripe has not confirmed payment. This permits arbitrary free virtual-currency top-ups and direct financial loss through consumption of hosting resources. No fixed version is available as of this review.
Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-18 13:12 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
  • CWE-862 - Missing Authorization
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
MythicalLTD MythicalDash Affected: <= 3.5.4-aurora
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54586 (GCVE-0-2026-54586)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 16:53 – Updated: 2026-09-21 20:57
VLAI
Title
mport permits repository and package mirror fetches over insecure transport
Summary
mport is the MidnightBSD Package Manager. Prior to 2.7.8, the mport_fetch_index(), mport_fetch_bootstrap_index(), and mport_fetch_bundle() paths in libmport/fetch.c accepted non-HTTPS repository and package mirror URLs without a url_is_https() enforcement check. When a cleartext URL was configured or returned by mirror data, a network-positioned attacker could tamper with package index or package download traffic and compromise package selection or integrity. This issue is fixed in version 2.7.8.
Severity
6 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-21 20:57 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-319 - Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information
  • CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
MidnightBSD mport Affected: < 2.7.8
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54581 (GCVE-0-2026-54581)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 16:45 – Updated: 2026-09-17 19:17
VLAI
Title
mport bootstrap index fetch can continue after hash verification failure
Summary
mport is the MidnightBSD Package Manager. Prior to 2.7.8, the mport_fetch_bootstrap_index() function in libmport/fetch.c could return success when bootstrap index hash verification encountered a missing or invalid hash because the failure path did not preserve a fatal result. A network attacker or compromised mirror able to alter bootstrap index content or its transport path could therefore cause mport to proceed with an unverified or tampered bootstrap package index. This issue is fixed in version 2.7.8.
Severity
8.3 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-17 19:17 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
  • CWE-347 - Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
MidnightBSD mport Affected: < 2.7.8
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54579 (GCVE-0-2026-54579)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 16:59 – Updated: 2026-09-24 20:55
VLAI
Title
mport mirror-selection ping accepts insufficiently validated ICMP replies
Summary
mport is the MidnightBSD Package Manager. Prior to 2.7.8, ping() in libmport/ping.c accepted ICMP replies without validating icmp_id or icmp_seq and parsed the reply using a fixed IP-header offset instead of ip_hl. A network attacker able to inject or spoof visible ICMP replies could influence mirror latency selection, while a malformed packet carrying IP options could shift the ICMP header and trigger an out-of-bounds read. This issue is fixed in version 2.7.8.
Severity
2.3 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-24 20:37 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
  • CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
MidnightBSD mport Affected: < 2.7.8
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54496 (GCVE-0-2026-54496)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-17 16:59 – Updated: 2026-07-17 17:23
VLAI
Title
Missing copy constraint in halo2_gadgets variable-base scalar multiplication allows under-constrained base, breaking Orchard Action circuit soundness
Summary
ZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to zebrad 5.0.0, halo2_gadgets 0.5.0, orchard 0.14.0, zcash_primitives 0.28.0, and zcashd 6.20.0, the variable-base scalar multiplication gadget in halo2_gadgets/src/ecc/chip/mul/incomplete.rs used assign_advice() for the base point without a copy constraint tying it to the actual base, allowing a malicious prover to produce a valid proof for an Orchard Action with an under-constrained base point and bypass the diversified-address-integrity check that binds pk_d, g_d, ivk, the nullifier (nf), and the spend validating key (ak) to the note being spent. This issue is fixed in zebrad 5.0.0, halo2_gadgets 0.5.0, orchard 0.14.0, zcash_primitives 0.28.0, and zcashd 6.20.0.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-17 17:23 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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No mitigation information available for this CWE.

CAPEC-111: JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)

An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website.

CAPEC-141: Cache Poisoning

An attacker exploits the functionality of cache technologies to cause specific data to be cached that aids the attackers' objectives. This describes any attack whereby an attacker places incorrect or harmful material in cache. The targeted cache can be an application's cache (e.g. a web browser cache) or a public cache (e.g. a DNS or ARP cache). Until the cache is refreshed, most applications or clients will treat the corrupted cache value as valid. This can lead to a wide range of exploits including redirecting web browsers towards sites that install malware and repeatedly incorrect calculations based on the incorrect value.

CAPEC-142: DNS Cache Poisoning

A domain name server translates a domain name (such as www.example.com) into an IP address that Internet hosts use to contact Internet resources. An adversary modifies a public DNS cache to cause certain names to resolve to incorrect addresses that the adversary specifies. The result is that client applications that rely upon the targeted cache for domain name resolution will be directed not to the actual address of the specified domain name but to some other address. Adversaries can use this to herd clients to sites that install malware on the victim's computer or to masquerade as part of a Pharming attack.

CAPEC-148: Content Spoofing

An adversary modifies content to make it contain something other than what the original content producer intended while keeping the apparent source of the content unchanged. The term content spoofing is most often used to describe modification of web pages hosted by a target to display the adversary's content instead of the owner's content. However, any content can be spoofed, including the content of email messages, file transfers, or the content of other network communication protocols. Content can be modified at the source (e.g. modifying the source file for a web page) or in transit (e.g. intercepting and modifying a message between the sender and recipient). Usually, the adversary will attempt to hide the fact that the content has been modified, but in some cases, such as with web site defacement, this is not necessary. Content Spoofing can lead to malware exposure, financial fraud (if the content governs financial transactions), privacy violations, and other unwanted outcomes.

CAPEC-218: Spoofing of UDDI/ebXML Messages

An attacker spoofs a UDDI, ebXML, or similar message in order to impersonate a service provider in an e-business transaction. UDDI, ebXML, and similar standards are used to identify businesses in e-business transactions. Among other things, they identify a particular participant, WSDL information for SOAP transactions, and supported communication protocols, including security protocols. By spoofing one of these messages an attacker could impersonate a legitimate business in a transaction or could manipulate the protocols used between a client and business. This could result in disclosure of sensitive information, loss of message integrity, or even financial fraud.

CAPEC-384: Application API Message Manipulation via Man-in-the-Middle

An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages. Performing this attack can allow the attacker to gain unauthorized privileges within the application, or conduct attacks such as phishing, deceptive strategies to spread malware, or traditional web-application attacks. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to perform adversary-in-the-middle (CAPEC-94) communications between the web browser and the remote system. Despite the use of AiTH software, the attack is actually directed at the server, as the client is one node in a series of content brokers that pass information along to the application framework. Additionally, it is not true "Adversary-in-the-Middle" attack at the network layer, but an application-layer attack the root cause of which is the master applications trust in the integrity of code supplied by the client.

CAPEC-385: Transaction or Event Tampering via Application API Manipulation

An attacker hosts or joins an event or transaction within an application framework in order to change the content of messages or items that are being exchanged. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that look authentic but may contain deceptive links, substitute one item or another, spoof an existing item and conduct a false exchange, or otherwise change the amounts or identity of what is being exchanged. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to man-in-the-middle communications between the web browser and the remote system in order to change the content of various application elements. Often, items exchanged in game can be monetized via sales for coin, virtual dollars, etc. The purpose of the attack is for the attack to scam the victim by trapping the data packets involved the exchange and altering the integrity of the transfer process.

CAPEC-386: Application API Navigation Remapping

An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of links/buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains links/buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination. Some applications make navigation remapping more difficult to detect because the actual HREF values of images, profile elements, and links/buttons are masked. One example would be to place an image in a user's photo gallery that when clicked upon redirected the user to an off-site location. Also, traditional web vulnerabilities (such as CSRF) can be constructed with remapped buttons or links. In some cases navigation remapping can be used for Phishing attacks or even means to artificially boost the page view, user site reputation, or click-fraud.

CAPEC-387: Navigation Remapping To Propagate Malicious Content

An adversary manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages and thereby circumvent the expected application logic.

CAPEC-388: Application API Button Hijacking

An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.

CAPEC-701: Browser in the Middle (BiTM)

An adversary exploits the inherent functionalities of a web browser, in order to establish an unnoticed remote desktop connection in the victim's browser to the adversary's system. The adversary must deploy a web client with a remote desktop session that the victim can access.

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