Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-306
AllowedMissing Authentication for Critical Function
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product does not perform any authentication for functionality that requires a provable user identity or consumes a significant amount of resources.
4625 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-18111 (GCVE-0-2026-18111)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-15 16:42 – Updated: 2026-09-22 18:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Concrete CMS below 9.5.4 allows privilege escalation because adding users and assigning groups do not require additional identity verification
Summary
Concrete CMS 9 before 9.5.3 was vulnerable to stored cross-site scripting (XSS) in the Feature, Feature Link, Hero Image, and Image blocks and before Concrete 8.5.21 in the feature and Image blocks because the external link URL was insufficiently validated by the link filter and was rendered without output escaping. A user with page-editing permissions (such as Add Block combined with Edit Contents on a single page) could store a crafted external link value that broke out of the link markup and injected arbitrary JavaScript. The script executed in the browser session of any user who subsequently viewed, previewed, or edited the affected page, which could lead to session hijacking and escalation of privileges up to full administrative takeover. The Concrete CMS security team gave this vulnerability a CVSS v4.0 score of 8.5 with vector CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N. Thanks to KhanMarshai for reporting this issue.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-22 18:10 UTC
CWE
- CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://documentation.concretecms.org/developers/… | release-notes |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Concrete CMS | Concrete CMS |
Affected:
9.0.0 , ≤ 9.5.2
(git)
|
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CVE-2026-17635 (GCVE-0-2026-17635)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-22 21:30 – Updated: 2026-09-23 18:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
IBM Financial Transaction Manager (FTM) is Impacted by Multiple Vulnerabilities
Summary
IBM Financial Transaction Manager (FTM) for RedHat OpenShift could allow a remote attacker to perform unauthorized actions due to improper configuration of HTTP method-based security constraints.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-23 18:49 UTC
CWE
- CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7288641 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | Financial Transaction Manager (FTM) for RedHat OpenShift |
Affected:
4.0.6.0 , ≤ 4.0.6.0.0.6.0 Refresh (Operator 4.4.6+20260807.081800)4.0.7.04.0.8.04.0.9.04.0.10.0 Interim Fix 064
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:ibm:financial_transaction_manager_ftmfor_redhat_openshift:4.0.6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-17348 (GCVE-0-2026-17348)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-31 15:59 – Updated: 2026-07-31 17:23
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
pgAdmin 4: Missing authentication decorator on Constraints, preferences, Debugger and Schema Diff routes allows unauthenticated access in SERVER mode (incomplete fix for CVE-2026-12046)
Summary
In SERVER mode, pgAdmin 4 enforces authentication per route via the @pga_login_required decorator; the application's before_request hook only handles desktop-mode auto-login and the Kerberos/Webserver-auth redirect, so any route shipped without the decorator is reachable without authentication (CWE-306). This is the same defect class previously fixed as CVE-2026-12046 (the sqleditor close/update_connection routes).
A follow-up sweep, prompted by a report describing an incomplete fix for CVE-2026-12046, found further routes missing @pga_login_required: the Constraints blueprint's nodes and proplist (object listing) routes and its delete route (a state-mutating DELETE that removes table constraints); preferences.get_all_cli (GET, discloses all CLI-settable preference values); debugger.close (DELETE); and schema_diff.close (DELETE). An unauthenticated network client could therefore enumerate constraint metadata, delete table constraints, read preference values, and force-close debugger or schema-diff sessions belonging to other users, without ever authenticating.
Fix adds the missing @pga_login_required decorator (and the corresponding import to the Constraints module) to each of these routes. The change is decorator-only; no behavioral changes to the underlying handlers.
This issue affects pgAdmin 4 in SERVER mode: the Constraints and Debugger routes from 1.0, the Schema Diff close route from 4.18, and preferences.get_all_cli from 8.2, all before 9.17.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-31 17:22 UTC
CWE
- CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/issues/10194 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/commit/24… | patch |
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| pgadmin.org | pgAdmin 4 |
Affected:
1.0 , < 9.17
(custom)
|
|
| pgadmin.org | pgAdmin 4 |
Affected:
4.18 , < 9.17
(custom)
|
|
| pgadmin.org | pgAdmin 4 |
Affected:
8.2 , < 9.17
(custom)
|
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CVE-2026-17057 (GCVE-0-2026-17057)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-04 16:39 – Updated: 2026-09-08 17:32
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
IBM i is Affected By Denial of Service Vulnerabilities in NFS [, ]
Summary
IBM i 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, and 7.3 could allow a remote attacker to cause a denial of service and affect data integrity due to missing authentication for critical functions.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-08 17:32 UTC
CWE
- CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7285847 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | i |
Affected:
7.6
Affected: 7.5 Affected: 7.4 Affected: 7.3 cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-16876 (GCVE-0-2026-16876)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-07 00:48 – Updated: 2026-09-08 15:32
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
An authentication bypass vulnerability exists in the WebGUI of Series UNIVERGE IX-R/IX-V. A user could bypass authentication and execute arbitrary CLI commands by tampering with WebGUI messages and sending them to the device via internet.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-08 15:32 UTC
CWE
- CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| NEC Corporation | UNIVERGE IX-R/IX-V |
Affected:
All versions from Ver1.1 through Ver1.3, All versions from Ver1.4.21 through Ver1.4.28 and Ver1.5.23
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CVE-2026-16527 (GCVE-0-2026-16527)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-30 05:30 – Updated: 2026-10-01 23:22
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Pcp: pcp pmproxy: unauthenticated access to /store endpoint allows bypassing pmcd access rules
Summary
An unauthenticated remote attacker can bypass access controls by sending crafted requests to the PCP pmproxy /store endpoint. This allows the attacker to overwrite any PMDA metric, leading to arbitrary code execution and system takeover.
Severity
7.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-31 22:41 UTC
Assigner
References
12 references
Impacted products
16 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
Unaffected:
0:7.0.3-5.el10_2 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.0 Extended Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:6.3.7-1.el10_0.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
Unaffected:
0:5.3.7-22.el8_10.5 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:5.2.5-8.el8_4.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_aus:8.4::appstream cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus_long_life:8.4::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Extended Update Support Long-Life Add-On |
Unaffected:
0:5.2.5-8.el8_4.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_aus:8.4::appstream cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus_long_life:8.4::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:5.3.5-10.el8_6.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_aus:8.6::appstream cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus_long_life:8.6::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Extended Update Support Long-Life Add-On |
Unaffected:
0:5.3.5-10.el8_6.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_aus:8.6::appstream cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus_long_life:8.6::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Telecommunications Update Service |
Unaffected:
0:5.3.7-19.el8_8.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.8::appstream cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_tus:8.8::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Update Services for SAP Solutions |
Unaffected:
0:5.3.7-19.el8_8.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.8::appstream cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_tus:8.8::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
Unaffected:
0:6.3.7-8.el9_8.4 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions |
Unaffected:
0:6.0.1-8.el9_2.2 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.2::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Update Services for SAP Solutions |
Unaffected:
0:6.2.0-5.el9_4.2 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.4::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.6 Extended Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:6.3.7-1.el9_6.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.6::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4
|
Date Public
2026-07-30 00:00
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CVE-2026-16242 (GCVE-0-2026-16242)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-20 07:33 – Updated: 2026-09-14 14:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Hypershift: konnectivity proxy-server accepts agent connections without validating client certificates
Summary
A flaw was found in the Konnectivity proxy-server configuration for hosted control planes. The agent-facing listener was started without --cluster-ca-cert (and without token-based agent authentication), so client certificates were not validated. A remote attacker who can reach the Konnectivity cluster endpoint could connect as an unauthenticated agent, join the routing pool, and potentially proxy, inspect, modify, or drop control-plane-to-node traffic.
Severity
9.4 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-21 14:56 UTC
CWE
- CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Assigner
References
19 references
Impacted products
20 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | multicluster engine for Kubernetes 2.1 |
Unaffected:
1784905766 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:multicluster_engine:2.10::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | multicluster engine for Kubernetes 2.11 |
Unaffected:
1784945966 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:multicluster_engine:2.11::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | multicluster engine for Kubernetes 2.17 |
Unaffected:
1784856942 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:multicluster_engine:2.17::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | multicluster engine for Kubernetes 2.6 |
Unaffected:
1784905804 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:multicluster_engine:2.6::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | multicluster engine for Kubernetes 2.8 |
Unaffected:
1784905783 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:multicluster_engine:2.8::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | multicluster engine for Kubernetes 2.9 |
Unaffected:
1784905769 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:multicluster_engine:2.9::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14 |
Unaffected:
1787001690 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.14::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15 |
Unaffected:
1787055132 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.15::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16 |
Unaffected:
1785534428 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.16::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17 |
Unaffected:
1784914869 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.17::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18 |
Unaffected:
1784912882 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.18::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.19 |
Unaffected:
1784913720 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.19::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.20 |
Unaffected:
1785288843 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.20::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.21 |
Unaffected:
1785301941 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.21::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1785192936 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift |
cpe:/a:redhat:logging:6
|
|
| Red Hat | Multicluster Engine for Kubernetes |
cpe:/a:redhat:multicluster_engine
|
|
| Red Hat | OpenShift API for Data Protection |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_api_data_protection:1
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:acm:2
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4
|
Date Public
2026-07-17 00:00
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CVE-2026-16210 (GCVE-0-2026-16210)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-19 03:15 – Updated: 2026-07-21 14:38
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
newpanjing simpleui AjaxAdmin AJAX Endpoint admin.py self.get_action missing authentication
Summary
A vulnerability was found in newpanjing simpleui 2026.01.13. This affects the function self.get_action of the file simpleui/admin.py of the component AjaxAdmin AJAX Endpoint. Performing a manipulation results in missing authentication. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-21 14:36 UTC
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/380026 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/380026/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-16210 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/857929 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/newpanjing/simpleui/issues/537 | exploitissue-tracking |
| https://github.com/newpanjing/simpleui/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| newpanjing | simpleui |
Affected:
2026.01.13
cpe:2.3:a:newpanjing:simpleui:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-16209 (GCVE-0-2026-16209)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-19 03:00 – Updated: 2026-07-20 12:14 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Gerapy Project Upload Endpoint views.py missing authentication
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in Gerapy up to 0.9.13. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file gerapy/server/core/views.py of the component Project Upload Endpoint. Such manipulation leads to missing authentication. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The name of the patch is bd4891c60315f17611a3b7a651ffe0fba7cfe71e. Applying a patch is advised to resolve this issue.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-20 12:08 UTC
Assigner
References
8 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/380025 | vdb-entry |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/380025/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-16209 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/857926 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/Gerapy/Gerapy/issues/317 | exploitissue-tracking |
| https://github.com/Gerapy/Gerapy/pull/319 | issue-trackingpatch |
| https://github.com/Gerapy/Gerapy/commit/bd4891c60… | patch |
| https://github.com/Gerapy/Gerapy/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | Gerapy |
Affected:
0.9.0
Affected: 0.9.1 Affected: 0.9.2 Affected: 0.9.3 Affected: 0.9.4 Affected: 0.9.5 Affected: 0.9.6 Affected: 0.9.7 Affected: 0.9.8 Affected: 0.9.9 Affected: 0.9.10 Affected: 0.9.11 Affected: 0.9.12 Affected: 0.9.13 cpe:2.3:a:gerapy:gerapy:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-16015 (GCVE-0-2026-16015)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-17 13:15 – Updated: 2026-07-17 18:05 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
poco-ai poco-claw executor_manager API tasks.py create_task missing authentication
Summary
A vulnerability was determined in poco-ai poco-claw up to 0.5.4. This vulnerability affects the function create_task of the file executor_manager/app/api/v1/tasks.py of the component executor_manager API. Executing a manipulation can lead to missing authentication. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. Upgrading to version 0.5.7 is able to resolve this issue. This patch is called 67fcc88505c57f77d3fcf04eb5b89425b10cbf48. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-17 17:27 UTC
Assigner
References
13 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/379757 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/379757/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-16015 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/856812 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/856813 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/856815 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/856816 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/poco-ai/poco-claw/issues/136 | exploitissue-tracking |
| https://github.com/poco-ai/poco-claw/pull/135 | exploitissue-trackingpatch |
| https://github.com/poco-ai/poco-claw/issues/137 | exploitissue-tracking |
| https://github.com/poco-ai/poco-claw/commit/67fcc… | exploitpatch |
| https://github.com/poco-ai/poco-claw/releases/tag/0.5.7 | exploitpatch |
| https://github.com/poco-ai/poco-claw/ | exploitproduct |
Impacted products
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
- Divide the software into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Identify which of these areas require a proven user identity, and use a centralized authentication capability.
- Identify all potential communication channels, or other means of interaction with the software, to ensure that all channels are appropriately protected, including those channels that are assumed to be accessible only by authorized parties. Developers sometimes perform authentication at the primary channel, but open up a secondary channel that is assumed to be private. For example, a login mechanism may be listening on one network port, but after successful authentication, it may open up a second port where it waits for the connection, but avoids authentication because it assumes that only the authenticated party will connect to the port.
- In general, if the software or protocol allows a single session or user state to persist across multiple connections or channels, authentication and appropriate credential management need to be used throughout.
Mitigation MIT-15
Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
- Where possible, avoid implementing custom, "grow-your-own" authentication routines and consider using authentication capabilities as provided by the surrounding framework, operating system, or environment. These capabilities may avoid common weaknesses that are unique to authentication; support automatic auditing and tracking; and make it easier to provide a clear separation between authentication tasks and authorization tasks.
- In environments such as the World Wide Web, the line between authentication and authorization is sometimes blurred. If custom authentication routines are required instead of those provided by the server, then these routines must be applied to every single page, since these pages could be requested directly.
Mitigation MIT-4.5
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, consider using libraries with authentication capabilities such as OpenSSL or the ESAPI Authenticator [REF-45].
Mitigation
Implementation
System Configuration
Operation
When storing data in the cloud (e.g., S3 buckets, Azure blobs, Google Cloud Storage, etc.), use the provider's controls to require strong authentication for users who should be allowed to access the data [REF-1297] [REF-1298] [REF-1302].
CAPEC-12: Choosing Message Identifier
This pattern of attack is defined by the selection of messages distributed via multicast or public information channels that are intended for another client by determining the parameter value assigned to that client. This attack allows the adversary to gain access to potentially privileged information, and to possibly perpetrate other attacks through the distribution means by impersonation. If the channel/message being manipulated is an input rather than output mechanism for the system, (such as a command bus), this style of attack could be used to change the adversary's identifier to more a privileged one.
CAPEC-166: Force the System to Reset Values
An attacker forces the target into a previous state in order to leverage potential weaknesses in the target dependent upon a prior configuration or state-dependent factors. Even in cases where an attacker may not be able to directly control the configuration of the targeted application, they may be able to reset the configuration to a prior state since many applications implement reset functions.
CAPEC-216: Communication Channel Manipulation
An adversary manipulates a setting or parameter on communications channel in order to compromise its security. This can result in information exposure, insertion/removal of information from the communications stream, and/or potentially system compromise.
CAPEC-36: Using Unpublished Interfaces or Functionality
An adversary searches for and invokes interfaces or functionality that the target system designers did not intend to be publicly available. If interfaces fail to authenticate requests, the attacker may be able to invoke functionality they are not authorized for.
CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery
An attacker crafts malicious web links and distributes them (via web pages, email, etc.), typically in a targeted manner, hoping to induce users to click on the link and execute the malicious action against some third-party application. If successful, the action embedded in the malicious link will be processed and accepted by the targeted application with the users' privilege level. This type of attack leverages the persistence and implicit trust placed in user session cookies by many web applications today. In such an architecture, once the user authenticates to an application and a session cookie is created on the user's system, all following transactions for that session are authenticated using that cookie including potential actions initiated by an attacker and simply "riding" the existing session cookie.