CWE-287
DiscouragedImproper Authentication
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.
6877 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-MCF8-556R-MJWR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 05:26 – Updated: 2022-05-17 05:26The email API in application/libraries/api/MY_Email_Api_Object.php in the Ushahidi Platform before 2.5 does not require authentication, which allows remote attackers to list, delete, or organize messages via a GET request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2012-3472"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2012-08-12T21:55:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The email API in application/libraries/api/MY_Email_Api_Object.php in the Ushahidi Platform before 2.5 does not require authentication, which allows remote attackers to list, delete, or organize messages via a GET request.",
"id": "GHSA-mcf8-556r-mjwr",
"modified": "2022-05-17T05:26:10Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T05:26:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-3472"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ushahidi/Ushahidi_Web/commit/4c24325"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2012/08/09/5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-MCGX-X3RR-P246
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:45 – Updated: 2022-05-24 16:45A vulnerability in the session management functionality of the web-based interface for Cisco Small Business RV320 and RV325 Dual Gigabit WAN VPN Routers could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to hijack a valid user session on an affected system. An attacker could use this impersonated session to create a new user account or otherwise control the device with the privileges of the hijacked session. The vulnerability is due to a lack of proper session management controls. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted HTTP request to a targeted device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to take control of an existing user session on the device. Exploitation of the vulnerability requires that an authorized user session is active and that the attacker can craft an HTTP request to impersonate that session.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-1724"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-05-03T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the session management functionality of the web-based interface for Cisco Small Business RV320 and RV325 Dual Gigabit WAN VPN Routers could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to hijack a valid user session on an affected system. An attacker could use this impersonated session to create a new user account or otherwise control the device with the privileges of the hijacked session. The vulnerability is due to a lack of proper session management controls. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted HTTP request to a targeted device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to take control of an existing user session on the device. Exploitation of the vulnerability requires that an authorized user session is active and that the attacker can craft an HTTP request to impersonate that session.",
"id": "GHSA-mcgx-x3rr-p246",
"modified": "2022-05-24T16:45:09Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:45:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-1724"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20190501-sbr-hijack"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-MCJH-HGJ8-RXF6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:05 – Updated: 2022-06-29 00:00In doNotification of AccountManagerService.java, there is a possible permission bypass due to an unsafe PendingIntent. This could lead to local information disclosure with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-11Android ID: A-177931355
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-0572"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-22T11:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In doNotification of AccountManagerService.java, there is a possible permission bypass due to an unsafe PendingIntent. This could lead to local information disclosure with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-11Android ID: A-177931355",
"id": "GHSA-mcjh-hgj8-rxf6",
"modified": "2022-06-29T00:00:39Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:05:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-0572"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2021-06-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MCM8-H6H3-G8WF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-08 18:33 – Updated: 2026-09-08 18:33A vulnerability was detected in aircheng-org iWebShop-5 up to 5.15. This affects the function Login of the file controllers/systemseller.php. Performing a manipulation of the argument Name results in improper authentication. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-86669"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-08T18:21:17Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was detected in aircheng-org iWebShop-5 up to 5.15. This affects the function Login of the file controllers/systemseller.php. Performing a manipulation of the argument Name results in improper authentication. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.",
"id": "GHSA-mcm8-h6h3-g8wf",
"modified": "2026-09-08T18:33:39Z",
"published": "2026-09-08T18:33:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-86669"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/aircheng-org/iWebShop-5/issues/6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/aircheng-org/iWebShop-5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-86669"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/908927"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/399760"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/399760/cti"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-MCPR-4QMC-69C2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:46 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:46An issue was discovered in Zammad before 1.0.4, 1.1.x before 1.1.3, and 1.2.x before 1.2.1. Attackers can login with the hashed password itself (e.g., from the DB) instead of the valid password string.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-5619"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-03-13T06:59:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Zammad before 1.0.4, 1.1.x before 1.1.3, and 1.2.x before 1.2.1. Attackers can login with the hashed password itself (e.g., from the DB) instead of the valid password string.",
"id": "GHSA-mcpr-4qmc-69c2",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:46:13Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:46:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-5619"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://zammad.com/de/news/security-advisory-zaa-2017-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/96937"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MCR8-34QP-4CG4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-12 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-16 00:01The multi-window module has a vulnerability of unauthorized insertion and tampering of Settings.Secure data.Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect the availability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-46742"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-04-11T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The multi-window module has a vulnerability of unauthorized insertion and tampering of Settings.Secure data.Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect the availability.",
"id": "GHSA-mcr8-34qp-4cg4",
"modified": "2022-04-16T00:01:07Z",
"published": "2022-04-12T00:00:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-46742"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2022/4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://device.harmonyos.com/en/docs/security/update/security-bulletins-phones-202204-0000001224076294"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MCV3-9XWJ-PX66
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:50 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:50A local, authenticated attacker can bypass the passcode in the VideoLAN VLC media player app before 3.1.5 for iOS by opening a URL and turning the phone.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-19937"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-12-31T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A local, authenticated attacker can bypass the passcode in the VideoLAN VLC media player app before 3.1.5 for iOS by opening a URL and turning the phone.",
"id": "GHSA-mcv3-9xwj-px66",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:50:54Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:50:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-19937"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/videolan/vlc-ios/pull/178/commits/d84d7c0a94eb7fba202d2c5fc3739276d2d3986f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://itunes.apple.com/ms/app/vlc-for-mobile/id650377962?mt=8"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:P/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MCV8-6886-G6PH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:06 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:06Unspecified vulnerability in HP SiteScope 11.1x through 11.13 and 11.2x through 11.24 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication via unknown vectors, aka ZDI-CAN-2140.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2014-2614"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2014-07-07T11:01:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Unspecified vulnerability in HP SiteScope 11.1x through 11.13 and 11.2x through 11.24 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication via unknown vectors, aka ZDI-CAN-2140.",
"id": "GHSA-mcv8-6886-g6ph",
"modified": "2022-05-17T03:06:12Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T03:06:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-2614"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://h20564.www2.hp.com/portal/site/hpsc/public/kb/docDisplay?docId=emr_na-c04355129"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/68361"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1030519"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-MCW8-XV78-56HX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-15 21:31 – Updated: 2025-10-16 15:30The issue was addressed with improved authentication. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.6. A local attacker may be able to elevate their privileges.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-43281"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-15T20:15:35Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The issue was addressed with improved authentication. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.6. A local attacker may be able to elevate their privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-mcw8-xv78-56hx",
"modified": "2025-10-16T15:30:41Z",
"published": "2025-10-15T21:31:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43281"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/124149"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MCWW-4HXQ-HFR3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-04 06:14 – Updated: 2026-04-06 23:14Subject: Security Vulnerability Report Hardcoded JWT Secret (CVE-2026-30762)
Hi HKUDS team,
I'm writing to report a security vulnerability I discovered in LightRAG v1.4.10. This has been assigned CVE-2026-30762 by MITRE.
Vulnerability: Hardcoded JWT signing secret Type: Improper Authentication (CWE-287) Severity: High Attack Vector: Remote / Unauthenticated
Summary: The file lightrag/api/config.py (line 397) uses a default JWT secret "lightrag-jwt-default-secret" when the TOKEN_SECRET environment variable is not set. The AuthHandler in lightrag/api/auth.py (lines 24-25) uses this secret to sign and verify tokens. An unauthenticated attacker can forge valid JWT tokens using the publicly known default secret and gain access to any protected endpoint.
Reproduction: 1. Install LightRAG v1.4.10 with AUTH_ACCOUNTS configured but no TOKEN_SECRET set 2. Use PyJWT to sign a token: jwt.encode({"sub": "admin", "role": "user"}, "lightrag-jwt-default-secret", algorithm="HS256") 3. Send a request to any protected endpoint with the header: Authorization: Bearer 4. Access is granted without valid credentials
Suggested Fix: Require TOKEN_SECRET to be explicitly set when AUTH_ACCOUNTS is configured. Refuse to start the API server if authentication is enabled but no custom secret is provided.
I'm following a 90-day responsible disclosure timeline from today's date. Please let me know if you have any questions or need additional information.
Best regards, Venkata Avinash Taduturi
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.4.12"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "lightrag-hku"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.4.13"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-30762"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-04T06:14:41Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Subject: Security Vulnerability Report Hardcoded JWT Secret (CVE-2026-30762)\n\nHi HKUDS team,\n\nI\u0027m writing to report a security vulnerability I discovered in LightRAG v1.4.10. This has been assigned CVE-2026-30762 by MITRE.\n\nVulnerability: Hardcoded JWT signing secret\nType: Improper Authentication (CWE-287)\nSeverity: High\nAttack Vector: Remote / Unauthenticated\n\nSummary:\nThe file lightrag/api/config.py (line 397) uses a default JWT secret \"lightrag-jwt-default-secret\" when the TOKEN_SECRET environment variable is not set. The AuthHandler in lightrag/api/auth.py (lines 24-25) uses this secret to sign and verify tokens. An unauthenticated attacker can forge valid JWT tokens using the publicly known default secret and gain access to any protected endpoint.\n\nReproduction:\n1. Install LightRAG v1.4.10 with AUTH_ACCOUNTS configured but no TOKEN_SECRET set\n2. Use PyJWT to sign a token: jwt.encode({\"sub\": \"admin\", \"role\": \"user\"}, \"lightrag-jwt-default-secret\", algorithm=\"HS256\")\n3. Send a request to any protected endpoint with the header: Authorization: Bearer \u003cforged_token\u003e\n4. Access is granted without valid credentials\n\nSuggested Fix:\nRequire TOKEN_SECRET to be explicitly set when AUTH_ACCOUNTS is configured. Refuse to start the API server if authentication is enabled but no custom secret is provided.\n\nI\u0027m following a 90-day responsible disclosure timeline from today\u0027s date. Please let me know if you have any questions or need additional information.\n\nBest regards,\nVenkata Avinash Taduturi",
"id": "GHSA-mcww-4hxq-hfr3",
"modified": "2026-04-06T23:14:29Z",
"published": "2026-04-04T06:14:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/HKUDS/LightRAG/security/advisories/GHSA-mcww-4hxq-hfr3"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/HKUDS/LightRAG"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "LightRAG: Hardcoded JWT Signing Secret Allows Authentication Bypass"
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.
CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse
An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.
CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass
An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.
CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing
Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.
CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data
An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.
CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client
An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data
This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.
CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking
This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.
CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.
CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server
By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.
CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)
An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.