CWE-287
DiscouragedImproper Authentication
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.
6877 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-53VP-FJC5-CQJ6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-19 03:32 – Updated: 2026-09-19 03:32The Better Messages – Chat Rooms, Group Chat, Private Messages & AI Chat Bots plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Information Exposure by Spoofing in all versions up to, and including, 2.15.33. This is due to the is_ai_bot_user() function identifying privileged internal AI bot accounts by performing a prefix check for 'ai-chat-bot-' against a guest record's stored IP address, which is populated verbatim from the client-controlled X-Real-IP request header during unauthenticated guest registration. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to register a guest identity that the plugin treats as its own internal AI bot, bypassing the per-room role allowlist, draft-status check, and join filters — which are all short-circuited by the bot check in user_can_join() and user_can_read() — to join administrator-restricted chat rooms, post messages into them, and read the private message history of other users.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-89093"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-19T03:17:16Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Better Messages \u2013 Chat Rooms, Group Chat, Private Messages \u0026 AI Chat Bots plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Information Exposure by Spoofing in all versions up to, and including, 2.15.33. This is due to the `is_ai_bot_user()` function identifying privileged internal AI bot accounts by performing a prefix check for `\u0027ai-chat-bot-\u0027` against a guest record\u0027s stored IP address, which is populated verbatim from the client-controlled `X-Real-IP` request header during unauthenticated guest registration. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to register a guest identity that the plugin treats as its own internal AI bot, bypassing the per-room role allowlist, draft-status check, and join filters \u2014 which are all short-circuited by the bot check in `user_can_join()` and `user_can_read()` \u2014 to join administrator-restricted chat rooms, post messages into them, and read the private message history of other users.",
"id": "GHSA-53vp-fjc5-cqj6",
"modified": "2026-09-19T03:32:03Z",
"published": "2026-09-19T03:32:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-89093"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/bp-better-messages/tags/2.15.33/inc/chats.php#L2145"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/bp-better-messages/tags/2.15.33/inc/chats.php#L2168"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/bp-better-messages/tags/2.15.33/inc/chats.php#L2196"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/bp-better-messages/tags/2.15.33/inc/functions.php#L4155"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/bp-better-messages/tags/2.15.33/inc/guests.php#L311"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/bp-better-messages/tags/2.15.33/inc/guests.php#L467"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/bp-better-messages/tags/2.15.33/inc/guests.php#L577"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?old_path=bp-better-messages%2Ftags%2F2.15.33%2Finc%2Ffunctions.php\u0026new_path=bp-better-messages%2Ftags%2F3.0.0%2Finc%2Ffunctions.php"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/df28ecd7-d463-48b7-95e6-8adc9f34d6bd?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-53XF-4RJW-HXG5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-10 09:31 – Updated: 2026-08-11 21:32The Login & Register Forms WordPress plugin before 4.0.2 does not enforce its password reset attempt limit against a server-derived value, keying both the verification code and the per-source attempt counter on client-controlled data, allowing unauthenticated attackers to reset the limit at will and brute-force the code to take over any account, including administrators, when the verification-code reset mode is enabled.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-18469"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-10T07:16:50Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The Login \u0026 Register Forms WordPress plugin before 4.0.2 does not enforce its password reset attempt limit against a server-derived value, keying both the verification code and the per-source attempt counter on client-controlled data, allowing unauthenticated attackers to reset the limit at will and brute-force the code to take over any account, including administrators, when the verification-code reset mode is enabled.",
"id": "GHSA-53xf-4rjw-hxg5",
"modified": "2026-08-11T21:32:30Z",
"published": "2026-08-10T09:31:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-18469"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/be74144a-b45b-469f-8631-7fdca6d19a66"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-542G-M3FX-Q86F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-12 12:31 – Updated: 2026-08-20 18:31An authentication bypass vulnerability exists in the OAuth2 TokenIntrospectionService in Apache CXF. Due to a missing 'throw' keyword in the security context check, the introspection endpoint (/services/oauth2/introspect) can be accessed by any unauthenticated network attacker. However note that this is a safeguard only in the case that someone forgot to enable authentication on the service. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 4.2.2 or 4.1.7, which fixes this issue.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-rs-security-oauth2"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.2.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.2.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-rs-security-oauth2"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.1.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-50623"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-08-20T18:31:09Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-12T10:16:22Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An authentication bypass vulnerability exists in the OAuth2 TokenIntrospectionService in Apache CXF.\u00a0Due to a missing \u0027throw\u0027 keyword in the security context check, the introspection endpoint (/services/oauth2/introspect) can be accessed by any unauthenticated network attacker. However note that this is a safeguard only in the case that someone forgot to enable authentication on the service.\u00a0Users are recommended to upgrade to version 4.2.2 or 4.1.7, which fixes this issue.",
"id": "GHSA-542g-m3fx-q86f",
"modified": "2026-08-20T18:31:09Z",
"published": "2026-06-12T12:31:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-50623"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/cxf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/ydzj8m5mqmjy13xgyj9mkk9hfff63qq7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/06/11/3"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Apache CXF has Authentication Bypass in OAuth2 TokenIntrospectionService"
}
GHSA-542X-JXRC-HW4X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-14 00:00 – Updated: 2022-03-21 00:00** DISPUTED ** An issue was discovered in OpenSSH before 8.9. If a client is using public-key authentication with agent forwarding but without -oLogLevel=verbose, and an attacker has silently modified the server to support the None authentication option, then the user cannot determine whether FIDO authentication is going to confirm that the user wishes to connect to that server, or that the user wishes to allow that server to connect to a different server on the user's behalf. NOTE: the vendor's position is "this is not an authentication bypass, since nothing is being bypassed."
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-36368"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-03-13T00:15:00Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "** DISPUTED ** An issue was discovered in OpenSSH before 8.9. If a client is using public-key authentication with agent forwarding but without -oLogLevel=verbose, and an attacker has silently modified the server to support the None authentication option, then the user cannot determine whether FIDO authentication is going to confirm that the user wishes to connect to that server, or that the user wishes to allow that server to connect to a different server on the user\u0027s behalf. NOTE: the vendor\u0027s position is \"this is not an authentication bypass, since nothing is being bypassed.\"",
"id": "GHSA-542x-jxrc-hw4x",
"modified": "2022-03-21T00:00:22Z",
"published": "2022-03-14T00:00:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-36368"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openssh/openssh-portable/pull/258"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mindrot.org/show_bug.cgi?id=3316"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.ssh-mitm.at/trivialauth.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2021-36368"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.openssh.com/security.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5432-C996-HVHJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 03:17 – Updated: 2024-11-19 18:33Zope Object Database (ZODB) before 3.8.2, when certain Zope Enterprise Objects (ZEO) database sharing is enabled, allows remote attackers to bypass authentication via vectors involving the ZEO network protocol.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "ZODB3"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.8.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2009-0669"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-04-01T19:46:18Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2009-08-07T19:30:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Zope Object Database (ZODB) before 3.8.2, when certain Zope Enterprise Objects (ZEO) database sharing is enabled, allows remote attackers to bypass authentication via vectors involving the ZEO network protocol.",
"id": "GHSA-5432-c996-hvhj",
"modified": "2024-11-19T18:33:25Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T03:17:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-0669"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/52379"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/zodb3/PYSEC-2009-9.yaml"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/zopefoundation/ZODB3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://mail.zope.org/pipermail/zope-announce/2009-August/002220.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://pypi.python.org/pypi/ZODB3/3.8.2#whats-new-in-zodb-3-8-2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Zope Object Database (ZODB) Authentication bypass in ZEO storage servers"
}
GHSA-5436-F3R8-9R98
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-13 12:31 – Updated: 2026-09-13 12:31A vulnerability has been found in vvbbnn00 WARP-Clash-API up to c7bf2360073959861219b422e51ae86411051b46. The impacted element is the function authorized. The manipulation of the argument SECRET_KEY leads to missing authentication. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Continious delivery with rolling releases is used by this product. Therefore, no version details of affected nor updated releases are available. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-90504"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-13T10:16:54Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been found in vvbbnn00 WARP-Clash-API up to c7bf2360073959861219b422e51ae86411051b46. The impacted element is the function authorized. The manipulation of the argument SECRET_KEY leads to missing authentication. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Continious delivery with rolling releases is used by this product. Therefore, no version details of affected nor updated releases are available. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.",
"id": "GHSA-5436-f3r8-9r98",
"modified": "2026-09-13T12:31:09Z",
"published": "2026-09-13T12:31:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-90504"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/Galaxync/b90734d80bf32e8145e46fbc326d6729"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-90504"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/895263"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/403092"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/403092/cti"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-5438-XRX8-Q93J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-23 09:33 – Updated: 2024-10-23 09:33The ProfilePress Pro plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authentication bypass in all versions up to, and including, 4.11.1. This is due to insufficient verification on the user being returned by the social login token. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in as any existing user on the site, such as an administrator, if they have access to the email and the user does not have an already-existing account for the service returning the token.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-9947"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-276",
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-23T07:15:04Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The ProfilePress Pro plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authentication bypass in all versions up to, and including, 4.11.1. This is due to insufficient verification on the user being returned by the social login token. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in as any existing user on the site, such as an administrator, if they have access to the email and the user does not have an already-existing account for the service returning the token.",
"id": "GHSA-5438-xrx8-q93j",
"modified": "2024-10-23T09:33:12Z",
"published": "2024-10-23T09:33:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-9947"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://profilepress.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/61b477c3-88b7-45a4-9fc4-6bca6f7c3604?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-544Q-3WWF-W964
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:46 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:46On Wireless IP Camera (P2P) WIFICAM devices, an attacker can use the RTSP server on port 10554/tcp to watch the streaming without authentication via tcp/av0_1 or tcp/av0_0.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-8223"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-04-25T20:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "On Wireless IP Camera (P2P) WIFICAM devices, an attacker can use the RTSP server on port 10554/tcp to watch the streaming without authentication via tcp/av0_1 or tcp/av0_0.",
"id": "GHSA-544q-3wwf-w964",
"modified": "2022-05-17T02:46:57Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:46:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-8223"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pierrekim.github.io/blog/2017-03-08-camera-goahead-0day.html#pre-auth-info-leak-goahead"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2017/Mar/23"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-548R-QHXQ-RVVV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-28 12:00 – Updated: 2022-11-01 19:00Vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Aruba EdgeConnect Enterprise Orchestrator could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to bypass authentication. Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to gain administrative privileges leading to a complete compromise of the Aruba EdgeConnect Enterprise Orchestrator with versions 9.1.2.40051 and below, 9.0.7.40108 and below, 8.10.23.40009 and below, and any older branches of Orchestrator not specifically mentioned.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-37913"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-28T02:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Aruba EdgeConnect Enterprise Orchestrator could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to bypass authentication. Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to gain administrative privileges leading to a complete compromise of the Aruba EdgeConnect Enterprise Orchestrator with versions 9.1.2.40051 and below, 9.0.7.40108 and below, 8.10.23.40009 and below, and any older branches of Orchestrator not specifically mentioned.",
"id": "GHSA-548r-qhxq-rvvv",
"modified": "2022-11-01T19:00:30Z",
"published": "2022-10-28T12:00:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-37913"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/alert/ARUBA-PSA-2022-015.txt"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-549F-VMR8-2VJF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:03 – Updated: 2022-06-04 00:00The CTS Web transaction system related to authentication and session management is implemented incorrectly, which allows remote unauthenticated attackers can send a large number of valid usernames, and force those logged-in account to log out, causing the user to be unable to access the services
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-32541"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-05-28T08:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The CTS Web transaction system related to authentication and session management is implemented incorrectly, which allows remote unauthenticated attackers can send a large number of valid usernames, and force those logged-in account to log out, causing the user to be unable to access the services",
"id": "GHSA-549f-vmr8-2vjf",
"modified": "2022-06-04T00:00:29Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:03:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-32541"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.chtsecurity.com/news/40e165e2-e539-49bc-bcf1-e3b27c29e344"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-4757-893eb-1.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.
CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse
An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.
CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass
An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.
CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing
Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.
CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data
An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.
CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client
An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data
This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.
CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking
This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.
CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.
CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server
By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.
CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)
An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.