CWE-287
DiscouragedImproper Authentication
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.
6877 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-3J7M-XWM3-4WC7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:01 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:01An exploitable vulnerability exists in the generation of authentication token functionality of Circle with Disney. Specially crafted network packets can cause a valid authentication token to be returned to the attacker resulting in authentication bypass. An attacker can send a series of packets to trigger this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-2864"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-11-07T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An exploitable vulnerability exists in the generation of authentication token functionality of Circle with Disney. Specially crafted network packets can cause a valid authentication token to be returned to the attacker resulting in authentication bypass. An attacker can send a series of packets to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-3j7m-xwm3-4wc7",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:01:19Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:01:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-2864"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2017-0370"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3JCC-H3PX-2J9F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:19 – Updated: 2024-10-10 15:30Affected versions of Atlassian Jira Server and Data Center allow a remote attacker who has had their access revoked from Jira Service Management to enable and disable Issue Collectors on Jira Service Management projects via an Improper Authentication vulnerability in the /secure/ViewCollectors endpoint. The affected versions are before version 8.19.1.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-41312"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-11-03T04:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Affected versions of Atlassian Jira Server and Data Center allow a remote attacker who has had their access revoked from Jira Service Management to enable and disable Issue Collectors on Jira Service Management projects via an Improper Authentication vulnerability in the /secure/ViewCollectors endpoint. The affected versions are before version 8.19.1.",
"id": "GHSA-3jcc-h3px-2j9f",
"modified": "2024-10-10T15:30:30Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:19:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-41312"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jira.atlassian.com/browse/JRASERVER-72801"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3JH8-XJH7-HWV3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-21 09:32 – Updated: 2026-05-21 09:32An authentication bypass vulnerability in Netatalk 2.2.2 through 4.4.2 allows a remote privileged user to authenticate as an arbitrary user via the admin auth user mechanism.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-44058"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-21T08:16:21Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An authentication bypass vulnerability in Netatalk 2.2.2 through 4.4.2 allows a remote privileged user to authenticate as an arbitrary user via the admin auth user mechanism.",
"id": "GHSA-3jh8-xjh7-hwv3",
"modified": "2026-05-21T09:32:09Z",
"published": "2026-05-21T09:32:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44058"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://netatalk.io/security/CVE-2026-44058"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3JMP-4QPG-7FV3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:18 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:18Huawei iBMC V200R002C60 have an authentication bypass vulnerability. A remote attacker with low privilege may craft specific messages to upload authentication certificate to the affected products. Due to improper validation of the upload authority, successful exploit may cause privilege elevation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-7941"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-05-10T14:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Huawei iBMC V200R002C60 have an authentication bypass vulnerability. A remote attacker with low privilege may craft specific messages to upload authentication certificate to the affected products. Due to improper validation of the upload authority, successful exploit may cause privilege elevation.",
"id": "GHSA-3jmp-4qpg-7fv3",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:18:08Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:18:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-7941"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.huawei.com/en/psirt/security-advisories/huawei-sa-20180509-01-bypass-en"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3JX3-RJ5X-WR5C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:57 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:57NetApp SnapCenter Server 1.0 and 1.0P1 allows remote attackers to partially bypass authentication and then list and delete backups via unspecified vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-1502"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-02-07T17:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "NetApp SnapCenter Server 1.0 and 1.0P1 allows remote attackers to partially bypass authentication and then list and delete backups via unspecified vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-3jx3-rj5x-wr5c",
"modified": "2022-05-17T02:57:53Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:57:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-1502"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kb.netapp.com/support/s/article/authentication-bypass-vulnerability-in-snapcenter-server-1-0-1-0p1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3JXW-CV35-2MMV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-20 18:30 – Updated: 2025-02-13 18:54On version 3.0.0 through 3.1.1, Apache DolphinScheduler's python gateway suffered from improper authentication: an attacker could use a socket bytes attack without authentication. This issue has been fixed from version 3.1.2 onwards. For users who use version 3.0.0 to 3.1.1, you can turn off the python-gateway function by changing the value python-gateway.enabled=false in configuration file application.yaml. If you are using the python gateway, please upgrade to version 3.1.2 or above.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.dolphinscheduler:dolphinscheduler-api"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.1.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-25601"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-04-20T20:26:06Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-20T16:15:07Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "On version 3.0.0 through 3.1.1, Apache DolphinScheduler\u0027s python gateway suffered from improper authentication: an attacker could use a socket bytes attack without authentication. This issue has been fixed from version 3.1.2 onwards. For users who use version 3.0.0 to 3.1.1, you can turn off the python-gateway function by changing the value `python-gateway.enabled=false` in configuration file `application.yaml`. If you are using the python gateway, please upgrade to version 3.1.2 or above.",
"id": "GHSA-3jxw-cv35-2mmv",
"modified": "2025-02-13T18:54:07Z",
"published": "2023-04-20T18:30:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25601"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/dolphinscheduler/pull/12893"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/dolphinscheduler"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/dolphinscheduler/releases/tag/3.1.2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/25g77jqczp3t8cz56hk1p65q7m6c64rf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/04/20/10"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Apache DolphinScheduler\u0027s python gateway suffered from improper authentication"
}
GHSA-3M3Q-X3GJ-F79X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-17 21:31 – Updated: 2026-03-06 01:01Affected Packages / Versions
This issue affects the optional voice-call plugin only. It is not enabled by default; it only applies to installations where the plugin is installed and enabled.
- Package:
@openclaw/voice-call - Vulnerable versions:
< 2026.2.3 - Patched versions:
>= 2026.2.3
Legacy package name (if you are still using it):
- Package:
@clawdbot/voice-call - Vulnerable versions:
<= 2026.1.24 - Patched versions: none published under this package name; migrate to
@openclaw/voice-call
Summary
In certain reverse-proxy / forwarding setups, webhook verification can be bypassed if untrusted forwarded headers are accepted.
Impact
An external party may be able to send voice-call webhook requests that are accepted as valid, which can result in spoofed webhook events being processed.
Root Cause
Some deployments implicitly trusted forwarded headers (for example Forwarded / X-Forwarded-*) when determining request properties used during webhook verification. If those headers are not overwritten by a trusted proxy, a client can supply them directly and influence verification.
Resolution
Ignore forwarded headers by default unless explicitly trusted and allowlisted in configuration. Keep any loopback-only development bypass restricted to local development only. Upgrade to a patched version.
If you cannot upgrade immediately, strip Forwarded and X-Forwarded-* headers at the edge so clients cannot supply them directly.
Fix Commit(s)
a749db9820eb6d6224032a5a34223d286d2dcc2f
Credits
Thanks @0x5t for reporting.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "@openclaw/voice-call"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2026.2.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "@clawdbot/voice-call"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "2026.1.24"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-28465"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287",
"CWE-290",
"CWE-345"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-17T21:31:58Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-05T22:16:19Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "## Affected Packages / Versions\n\nThis issue affects the optional voice-call plugin only. It is not enabled by default; it only applies to installations where the plugin is installed and enabled.\n\n- Package: `@openclaw/voice-call`\n- Vulnerable versions: `\u003c 2026.2.3`\n- Patched versions: `\u003e= 2026.2.3`\n\nLegacy package name (if you are still using it):\n\n- Package: `@clawdbot/voice-call`\n- Vulnerable versions: `\u003c= 2026.1.24`\n- Patched versions: none published under this package name; migrate to `@openclaw/voice-call`\n\n## Summary\n\nIn certain reverse-proxy / forwarding setups, webhook verification can be bypassed if untrusted forwarded headers are accepted.\n\n## Impact\n\nAn external party may be able to send voice-call webhook requests that are accepted as valid, which can result in spoofed webhook events being processed.\n\n## Root Cause\n\nSome deployments implicitly trusted forwarded headers (for example `Forwarded` / `X-Forwarded-*`) when determining request properties used during webhook verification. If those headers are not overwritten by a trusted proxy, a client can supply them directly and influence verification.\n\n## Resolution\n\nIgnore forwarded headers by default unless explicitly trusted and allowlisted in configuration. Keep any loopback-only development bypass restricted to local development only. Upgrade to a patched version.\n\nIf you cannot upgrade immediately, strip `Forwarded` and `X-Forwarded-*` headers at the edge so clients cannot supply them directly.\n\n## Fix Commit(s)\n\n- `a749db9820eb6d6224032a5a34223d286d2dcc2f`\n\n## Credits\n\nThanks `@0x5t` for reporting.",
"id": "GHSA-3m3q-x3gj-f79x",
"modified": "2026-03-06T01:01:21Z",
"published": "2026-02-17T21:31:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-3m3q-x3gj-f79x"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28465"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/a749db9820eb6d6224032a5a34223d286d2dcc2f"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/releases/tag/v2026.2.3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-voice-call-webhook-verification-bypass-via-forwarded-headers"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "OpenClaw optional voice-call plugin: webhook verification may be bypassed behind certain proxy configurations"
}
GHSA-3M5H-9M27-J5HM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-17 06:30 – Updated: 2026-09-17 15:32The Private Feed Key WordPress plugin through 0.1 does not verify that the key used to authenticate a feed request is one it issued, matching any stored user metadata value instead, which allows unauthenticated attackers to log in as any user, including administrators.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-86707"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-17T06:16:51Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The Private Feed Key WordPress plugin through 0.1 does not verify that the key used to authenticate a feed request is one it issued, matching any stored user metadata value instead, which allows unauthenticated attackers to log in as any user, including administrators.",
"id": "GHSA-3m5h-9m27-j5hm",
"modified": "2026-09-17T15:32:06Z",
"published": "2026-09-17T06:30:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-86707"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/fbf22345-4e8c-4719-a9c3-5e606b6fd77f"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3M7R-W3XM-QWCJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:54 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:54The ocsp_check function in rlm_eap_tls.c in FreeRADIUS 2.1.11, when OCSP is enabled, does not properly parse replies from OCSP responders, which allows remote attackers to bypass authentication by using the EAP-TLS protocol with a revoked X.509 client certificate.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2011-2701"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2011-08-04T02:45:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The ocsp_check function in rlm_eap_tls.c in FreeRADIUS 2.1.11, when OCSP is enabled, does not properly parse replies from OCSP responders, which allows remote attackers to bypass authentication by using the EAP-TLS protocol with a revoked X.509 client certificate.",
"id": "GHSA-3m7r-w3xm-qwcj",
"modified": "2022-05-14T02:54:58Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:54:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2011-2701"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=724815"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/68782"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dfn-cert.de/informationen/Sicherheitsbulletins/dsb-2011-01.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/45425"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://securityreason.com/securityalert/8325"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://securitytracker.com/id?1025833"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2011/07/15/6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2011/07/18/2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2011/07/20/9"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/518974/100/0/threaded"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/48880"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-3M99-VRQX-M6H7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-30 18:16 – Updated: 2025-04-03 03:42HTTP server for Cisco IOS 11.3 to 12.2 allows attackers to bypass authentication and execute arbitrary commands, when local authorization is being used, by specifying a high access level in the URL.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2001-0537"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2001-07-21T04:00:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "HTTP server for Cisco IOS 11.3 to 12.2 allows attackers to bypass authentication and execute arbitrary commands, when local authorization is being used, by specifying a high access level in the URL.",
"id": "GHSA-3m99-vrqx-m6h7",
"modified": "2025-04-03T03:42:07Z",
"published": "2022-04-30T18:16:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2001-0537"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/6749"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.cert.org/advisories/CA-2001-14.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ciac.org/ciac/bulletins/l-106.shtml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/IOS-httplevel-pub.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.osvdb.org/578"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/1601227034.20010702112207%40olympos.org"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/1601227034.20010702112207@olympos.org"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/20010703011650.60515.qmail%40web14910.mail.yahoo.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/20010703011650.60515.qmail@web14910.mail.yahoo.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/4.3.2.7.2.20010629095801.0c3e6a70%40brussels.cisco.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/4.3.2.7.2.20010629095801.0c3e6a70@brussels.cisco.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/Pine.LNX.3.96.1010702134611.22995B-100000%40Lib-Vai.lib.asu.edu"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/Pine.LNX.3.96.1010702134611.22995B-100000@Lib-Vai.lib.asu.edu"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/2936"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.
CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse
An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.
CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass
An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.
CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing
Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.
CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data
An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.
CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client
An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data
This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.
CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking
This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.
CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.
CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server
By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.
CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)
An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.