Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-1333

Allowed

Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product uses a regular expression with a worst-case computational complexity that is inefficient and possibly exponential.

880 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-67422 (GCVE-0-2026-67422)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-06 20:26 – Updated: 2026-08-07 17:00
VLAI
Title
pymdown-extensions: Exponential-backtracking ReDoS in caret, tilde, betterem, and magiclink inline processors
Summary
pymdown-extensions is a collection of extensions for the Python Markdown library. In versions up to and including 11.0, four inline processors (caret, tilde, betterem, and magiclink) use regular expressions whose content groups can partition a run of delimiter characters in exponentially many ways, causing catastrophic backtracking. As a result, a single untrusted Markdown line under 50 bytes rendered with markdown.markdown() in each extension's default configuration drives the rendering thread into unbounded CPU usage that grows exponentially with input length, enabling an unauthenticated remote attacker who can submit Markdown to cause denial of service. The exposure is concrete for web applications that render user-supplied Markdown (comments, wikis, issue bodies, live preview), including any app using pymdownx.extra which bundles the vulnerable betterem default, as well as hosted docs/CI systems that build untrusted Markdown. The issue has been fixed in version 11.0.1.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-07 16:59 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-67419 (GCVE-0-2026-67419)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-25 16:41 – Updated: 2026-09-25 17:01
VLAI
Title
RabbitMQ: Consecutive topic wildcards cause combinatorial routing work
Summary
RabbitMQ is a messaging and streaming broker. Prior to 4.3.5, an authenticated user who can bind a queue to a topic exchange and publish to it can use consecutive # segments in a binding key to make both topic matchers revisit the same trie-node and routing-key-suffix states without memoization. The matcher materializes duplicate destinations before deduplication, causing combinatorial CPU work and memory pressure that can disrupt routing for all tenants. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.3.5.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-25 17:01 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
rabbitmq rabbitmq-server Affected: < 4.3.5
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-67413 (GCVE-0-2026-67413)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-25 16:25 – Updated: 2026-09-29 19:30
VLAI
Title
RabbitMQ: Authenticated RabbitMQ JMS Topic Selector Users Can Consume Broker CPU with an Unbounded LIKE Regular Expression
Summary
RabbitMQ is a messaging and streaming broker. From 4.0.0 until 4.0.23, 4.1.14, 4.2.9, and 4.3.3, the optional rabbitmq_jms_topic_exchange plugin's x-jms-topic exchange accepted a client-controlled rjms_erlang_selector binding expression whose LIKE evaluator expanded percent and underscore wildcards into overlapping PCRE fragments. It executed those fragments with raw re:run/3 without match or recursion limits, allowing an authenticated tenant that can bind and publish to consume broker scheduler CPU and deny service with pathological selectors. This issue is fixed in versions 4.0.23, 4.1.14, 4.2.9, and 4.3.3.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-29 19:29 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
rabbitmq rabbitmq-server Affected: >= 4.2.0, < 4.2.9
Affected: >= 4.1.0, < 4.1.14
Affected: >= 4.3.0, < 4.3.3
Affected: >= 4.0.0, < 4.0.23
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-67240 (GCVE-0-2026-67240)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-23 20:19 – Updated: 2026-09-24 14:24
VLAI
Title
RabbitMQ: ReDoS via AMQP 1.0 SQL filter LIKE wildcard
Summary
RabbitMQ is a messaging and streaming broker. Prior to versions 4.2.7 and 4.3.1, pattern_to_regex maps % -> .*? and _ -> ., then compiles ^...$ with only [unicode]; re:run is called with only [{capture, none}] - no explicit match_limit. A pattern like %_%_..._%X becomes ^.*?..*?.....*?.X$ with overlapping lazy quantifiers. The whole-expression cap is ?MAX_EXPRESSION_LENGTH=4096 chars / ?MAX_TOKENS=200; a LIKE string literal is one token, so ~2000 %_ pairs fit. SQL filters are accepted unconditionally at rabbit_amqp_session.erl:3264 (no feature flag). Evaluated per-message at rabbit_stream_queue.erl:1439. OTP's default 10M match_limit caps each match at ~100-200 ms (not seconds), and the re NIF yields to the scheduler. An authenticated AMQP 1.0 consumer with read+write on a stream queue can cause ~100-200 ms of CPU per delivered message via a crafted LIKE filter, multiplied across thousands of messages and parallel sessions - a substantial backtracking-driven CPU amplification. Preconditions include AMQP 1.0 with stream queues in use Attacker can attach a receiver with a filter (read permission) and publish messages with long property values (write permission). This issue is fixed in versions 4.2.7 and 4.3.1.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-24 14:24 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
rabbitmq rabbitmq-server Affected: >= 4.2.0, < 4.2.7
Affected: >= 4.3.0, < 4.3.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-66766 (GCVE-0-2026-66766)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-25 01:08 – Updated: 2026-08-25 09:52
VLAI
Title
Denial of Service (DoS) in SAP S/4HANA (Manage Supply Protection)
Summary
SAP S/4HANA (Private Cloud) uses a third-party component that contains a Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker could supply specially crafted input that triggers excessive processing within the affected functionality. Successful exploitation could exhaust system resources and make the service unavailable, resulting in a high impact on availability. There is no impact on confidentiality and integrity.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-25 09:51 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
SAP_SE SAP S/4HANA (Manage Supply Protection) Affected: UIS4HOP1 800
Affected: 900
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-66074 (GCVE-0-2026-66074)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-23 20:45 – Updated: 2026-09-24 13:50
VLAI
Title
RabbitMQ: ReDoS via management API ?name= filter
Summary
RabbitMQ is a messaging and streaming broker. Prior to versions 3.13.15, 4.0.20, 4.1.11, 4.2.6, and 4.3.0, match_value/3 passes the user-supplied ?name= regular expression to re:run with no match_limit option, and executes it once per resource in the result set. OTP's default 10M match_limit caps each call at roughly 100-200ms, but the regex runs once per resource in the result set. With a large set, for example 5000 queues at 150ms each, a single request consumes 12 or more minutes of CPU. Parallel requests saturate the schedulers. The use_regex=true option is a supported feature on list endpoints, so this path is reachable through normal API use. Preconditions include Any user with the management tag can exploit this.. This issue is fixed in versions 3.13.15, 4.0.20, 4.1.11, 4.2.6, and 4.3.0.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-24 13:50 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
rabbitmq rabbitmq-server Affected: >= 3.13.0, < 3.13.15
Affected: >= 4.0.0, < 4.0.20
Affected: >= 4.1.0, < 4.1.11
Affected: >= 4.2.0, < 4.2.6
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-66062 (GCVE-0-2026-66062)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-07 16:49 – Updated: 2026-08-07 21:02
VLAI
Title
SvelteKit: ReDoS (O(n^2)) in content negotiation — unauthenticated DoS via the Accept header
Summary
SvelteKit is a framework for rapidly developing robust, performant web applications using Svelte. Prior to 2.70.2, the content negotiation header parser used by SvelteKit's request handling (for headers such as Accept) uses a regular expression vulnerable to quadratic backtracking, so a maliciously crafted header value can cause excessive CPU consumption and degrade or deny service. Version 2.70.2 fixes the issue.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-07 20:58 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
sveltejs kit Affected: < 2.70.2
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-63460 (GCVE-0-2026-63460)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 14:38 – Updated: 2026-09-17 15:04
VLAI
Title
Vendure: Unauthenticated ReDoS via `regex` filter on SQLite backends
Summary
Vendure is an open-source headless commerce platform. Prior to 3.6.5, the public Shop GraphQL API allows an unauthenticated caller to supply a catastrophically backtracking pattern through StringOperators.regex. packages/core/src/service/helpers/list-query-builder/parse-filter-params.ts passes the raw pattern to the REGEXP implementation registered by packages/core/src/service/helpers/list-query-builder/list-query-builder.ts, and better-sqlite3 and sqljs evaluate it synchronously in the Node.js event loop. ShopProductsResolver.products is publicly reachable, so one nested-quantifier pattern can block request processing and make the storefront and admin API unavailable, while repeated requests can sustain denial of service. PostgreSQL and MySQL or MariaDB deployments do not execute this regular expression in the Node.js event loop. This issue is fixed in version 3.6.5.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-17 15:04 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
vendurehq vendure Affected: < 3.6.5
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-62672 (GCVE-0-2026-62672)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 15:44 – Updated: 2026-08-19 18:00
VLAI
Title
Grav: Authenticated ReDoS via regex_replace in Twig Sandbox
Summary
Grav is a file-based Web platform. Prior to 2.0.4, Grav allowlists the regex_replace filter and function in system/config/security.yaml, and GravExtension::regexReplace() passes an editor-controlled pattern directly to preg_replace(). When security.twig_content.process_enabled is enabled, an authenticated page editor can publish a catastrophically backtracking pattern that consumes PHP worker CPU and denies service to site visitors. This issue is fixed in version 2.0.4.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-19 18:00 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
getgrav grav Affected: < 2.0.4
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-62317 (GCVE-0-2026-62317)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 19:41 – Updated: 2026-08-21 19:05
VLAI
Title
Logto: ReDoS via unescaped user input in email subaddressing regex (blockSubaddressing)
Summary
Logto is the modern, open-source auth infrastructure for SaaS and AI apps. Prior to 1.41.0, Logto's email subaddressing blocklist in packages/core/src/libraries/sign-in-experience/email-blocklist-policy.ts used the attacker-controlled domain from email input to construct subaddressingRegex when blockSubaddressing was enabled. The permissive emailRegEx accepted multiple at signs and regular expression metacharacters, and POST /api/experience/verification/verification-code could therefore cause catastrophic backtracking in subaddressingRegex.test(email). The resulting event-loop stall could make authentication, token issuance, SSO, and the administrative console unavailable. This issue is fixed in version 1.41.0.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-21 19:05 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
logto-io logto Affected: < 1.41.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use regular expressions that do not support backtracking, e.g. by removing nested quantifiers.

Mitigation
System Configuration

Set backtracking limits in the configuration of the regular expression implementation, such as PHP's pcre.backtrack_limit. Also consider limits on execution time for the process.

Mitigation
Implementation

Do not use regular expressions with untrusted input. If regular expressions must be used, avoid using backtracking in the expression.

Mitigation
Implementation

Limit the length of the input that the regular expression will process.

CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup

An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.