Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
12716 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-2HXV-MQ53-VG5M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-04 03:30 – Updated: 2025-12-17 21:30
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds access issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.1 and iPadOS 26.1, tvOS 26.1, visionOS 26.1, macOS Sequoia 15.7.2. Processing a maliciously crafted media file may lead to unexpected app termination or corrupt process memory.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-43385"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-04T02:15:45Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds access issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.1 and iPadOS 26.1, tvOS 26.1, visionOS 26.1, macOS Sequoia 15.7.2. Processing a maliciously crafted media file may lead to unexpected app termination or corrupt process memory.",
"id": "GHSA-2hxv-mq53-vg5m",
"modified": "2025-12-17T21:30:33Z",
"published": "2025-11-04T03:30:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43385"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125632"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125633"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125634"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125635"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125637"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125638"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2HXX-M8V6-FCM5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-28 12:30 – Updated: 2026-05-30 12:30
VLAI
Details
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
drm/amdgpu/vcn4: Prevent OOB reads when parsing IB
Rewrite the IB parsing to use amdgpu_ib_get_value() which handles the bounds checks.
Severity
7.1 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-46204"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-28T10:16:36Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndrm/amdgpu/vcn4: Prevent OOB reads when parsing IB\n\nRewrite the IB parsing to use amdgpu_ib_get_value() which handles the\nbounds checks.",
"id": "GHSA-2hxx-m8v6-fcm5",
"modified": "2026-05-30T12:30:25Z",
"published": "2026-05-28T12:30:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46204"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1dc005775fb5b3f86464406452b17364f85581d3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2444eb0ec8283f4a3845eb7febad378476e1ba3c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5c3e8ebad0c9e2354ddfa8f2148dc4f70a3b4bd1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a6d5563ba1f03a049561cd347574613167294e8d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d0802a8877d730260d4af4dd4e0b6cde7e0e593f"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2J25-P69V-8577
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-22 00:00 – Updated: 2021-12-28 00:01
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists when reading a TGA file using Open Design Alliance Drawings SDK before 2022.12. The specific issue exists after loading TGA files. An unchecked input data from a crafted TGA file leads to an out-of-bounds read. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-44859"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-21T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists when reading a TGA file using Open Design Alliance Drawings SDK before 2022.12. The specific issue exists after loading TGA files. An unchecked input data from a crafted TGA file leads to an out-of-bounds read. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process.",
"id": "GHSA-2j25-p69v-8577",
"modified": "2021-12-28T00:01:10Z",
"published": "2021-12-22T00:00:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-44859"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.opendesign.com/security-advisories"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-2J2X-Q52R-GMG8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-14 21:31 – Updated: 2026-09-15 21:31
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds access issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Golden Gate 27, macOS Sequoia 15.8, macOS Tahoe 26.7. Connecting to a malicious SMB server may cause unexpected system termination or corrupt kernel memory.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-84543"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-14T21:17:30Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds access issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Golden Gate 27, macOS Sequoia 15.8, macOS Tahoe 26.7. Connecting to a malicious SMB server may cause unexpected system termination or corrupt kernel memory.",
"id": "GHSA-2j2x-q52r-gmg8",
"modified": "2026-09-15T21:31:07Z",
"published": "2026-09-14T21:31:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-84543"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/149035"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/149042"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/149043"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2J3F-972Q-6FV5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:07 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:34
VLAI
Details
The _pcre32_xclass function in pcre_xclass.c in libpcre1 in PCRE 8.40 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid memory read) via a crafted file.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-7244"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-03-23T21:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The _pcre32_xclass function in pcre_xclass.c in libpcre1 in PCRE 8.40 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid memory read) via a crafted file.",
"id": "GHSA-2j3f-972q-6fv5",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:34:44Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:07:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-7244"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:2486"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blogs.gentoo.org/ago/2017/03/20/libpcre-invalid-memory-read-in-_pcre32_xclass-pcre_xclass-c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201710-25"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/97067"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2J3G-PF25-9MR9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:30 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:30
VLAI
Details
Kofax Power PDF PNG File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Kofax Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PNG files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-20458.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-37354"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T02:15:47Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Kofax Power PDF PNG File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Kofax Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of PNG files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-20458.",
"id": "GHSA-2j3g-pf25-9mr9",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:30:54Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:30:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-37354"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-949"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2J3X-R9V2-2733
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:47 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:38
VLAI
Details
libautotrace.a in AutoTrace 0.31.1 has a heap-based buffer over-read in the GET_COLOR function in color.c:18:11.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-9166"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-05-23T04:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "libautotrace.a in AutoTrace 0.31.1 has a heap-based buffer over-read in the GET_COLOR function in color.c:18:11.",
"id": "GHSA-2j3x-r9v2-2733",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:38:09Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:47:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-9166"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blogs.gentoo.org/ago/2017/05/20/autotrace-multiple-vulnerabilities-the-autotrace-nightmare"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2J44-59R4-MJVH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-01 00:01 – Updated: 2026-10-09 00:31
VLAI
Details
Out-of-bounds Read in GitHub repository vim/vim prior to 9.0.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-2257"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-30T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds Read in GitHub repository vim/vim prior to 9.0.",
"id": "GHSA-2j44-59r4-mjvh",
"modified": "2026-10-09T00:31:19Z",
"published": "2022-07-01T00:01:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-2257"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/083692d598139228e101b8c521aaef7bcf256e9a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.dev/bounties/ca581f80-03ba-472a-b820-78f7fd05fe89"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/43Y3VJPOTTY3NTREDIFUPITM2POG4ZLP"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/UXPO5EHDV6J4B27E65DOQGZFELUFPRSK"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/43Y3VJPOTTY3NTREDIFUPITM2POG4ZLP"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/UXPO5EHDV6J4B27E65DOQGZFELUFPRSK"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202208-32"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202305-16"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2J47-JHVW-FGMM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-22 21:30 – Updated: 2026-05-12 15:31
VLAI
Details
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
batman-adv: fix OOB read/write in network-coding decode
batadv_nc_skb_decode_packet() trusts coded_len and checks only against skb->len. XOR starts at sizeof(struct batadv_unicast_packet), reducing payload headroom, and the source skb length is not verified, allowing an out-of-bounds read and a small out-of-bounds write.
Validate that coded_len fits within the payload area of both destination and source sk_buffs before XORing.
Severity
7.1 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-39839"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-19T16:15:42Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbatman-adv: fix OOB read/write in network-coding decode\n\nbatadv_nc_skb_decode_packet() trusts coded_len and checks only against\nskb-\u003elen. XOR starts at sizeof(struct batadv_unicast_packet), reducing\npayload headroom, and the source skb length is not verified, allowing an\nout-of-bounds read and a small out-of-bounds write.\n\nValidate that coded_len fits within the payload area of both destination\nand source sk_buffs before XORing.",
"id": "GHSA-2j47-jhvw-fgmm",
"modified": "2026-05-12T15:31:09Z",
"published": "2025-09-22T21:30:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-39839"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-032379.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-089022.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1e36c6c8dc8023b4bbe9a16e819f9998b9b6a183"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/20080709457bc1e920eb002483d7d981d9b2ac1c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/30fc47248f02b8a14a61df469e1da4704be1a19f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5d334bce9fad58cf328d8fa14ea1fff855819863"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a67c6397fcb7e842d3c595243049940970541c48"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bb37252c9af1cb250f34735ee98f80b46be3cef1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d77b6ff0ce35a6d0b0b7b9581bc3f76d041d4087"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dce6c2aa70e94c04c523b375dfcc664d7a0a560a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00007.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2J49-Q898-WHM9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:10 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:10
VLAI
Details
Out-of-bounds read in Graphite2 Library in Firefox before 54 in graphite2::Silf::readGraphite function.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-7774"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-04-15T12:31:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds read in Graphite2 Library in Firefox before 54 in graphite2::Silf::readGraphite function.",
"id": "GHSA-2j49-q898-whm9",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:10:12Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:10:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-7774"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/security/advisories/mfsa2017-15"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.