CWE-122
AllowedHeap-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc().
5426 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-62Q2-GC88-C4RH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-11 18:32 – Updated: 2025-03-11 18:32Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Core Messaging allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-26634"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-11T17:16:43Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Core Messaging allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-62q2-gc88-c4rh",
"modified": "2025-03-11T18:32:19Z",
"published": "2025-03-11T18:32:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-26634"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-26634"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-62WG-PHH9-QP3F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-12 21:31 – Updated: 2025-08-12 21:31InDesign Desktop versions 20.4, 19.5.4 and earlier are affected by a Heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-54211"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-12T21:15:40Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "InDesign Desktop versions 20.4, 19.5.4 and earlier are affected by a Heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-62wg-phh9-qp3f",
"modified": "2025-08-12T21:31:22Z",
"published": "2025-08-12T21:31:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54211"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/indesign/apsb25-79.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-62XM-7PJX-WFV7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-07 00:30 – Updated: 2025-11-07 15:31Heap buffer overflow in Video in Google Chrome prior to 141.0.7390.54 allowed a remote attacker to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-11206"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-06T22:15:38Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heap buffer overflow in Video in Google Chrome prior to 141.0.7390.54 allowed a remote attacker to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)",
"id": "GHSA-62xm-7pjx-wfv7",
"modified": "2025-11-07T15:31:29Z",
"published": "2025-11-07T00:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-11206"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2025/09/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_30.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/444755026"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-62XQ-66FV-WC89
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-13 00:33 – Updated: 2025-02-13 00:33Heap-based buffer overflow in BMC Firmware for the Intel(R) Server Board S2600WF, Intel(R) Server Board S2600ST, Intel(R) Server Board S2600BP, before version 02.01.0017 and Intel(R) Server Board M50CYP and Intel(R) Server Board D50TNP before version R01.01.0009 may allow a privileged user to enable escalation of privilege via local access.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-31276"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-12T22:15:29Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in BMC Firmware for the Intel(R) Server Board S2600WF, Intel(R) Server Board S2600ST, Intel(R) Server Board S2600BP, before version 02.01.0017 and Intel(R) Server Board M50CYP and Intel(R) Server Board D50TNP before version R01.01.0009 may allow a privileged user to enable escalation of privilege via local access.",
"id": "GHSA-62xq-66fv-wc89",
"modified": "2025-02-13T00:33:03Z",
"published": "2025-02-13T00:33:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-31276"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-00990.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-632V-988J-J3V8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-08 18:32 – Updated: 2026-09-08 18:32Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Power Dependency Coordinator allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-69459"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-08T18:19:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Power Dependency Coordinator allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
"id": "GHSA-632v-988j-j3v8",
"modified": "2026-09-08T18:32:37Z",
"published": "2026-09-08T18:32:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-69459"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-69459"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-632V-RMMC-3PM8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-11 18:31 – Updated: 2026-08-11 18:31Numeric truncation error in Windows DNS allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-62881"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-11T17:18:39Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Numeric truncation error in Windows DNS allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
"id": "GHSA-632v-rmmc-3pm8",
"modified": "2026-08-11T18:31:28Z",
"published": "2026-08-11T18:31:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-62881"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-62881"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-637Q-M772-J8H6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-13 18:31 – Updated: 2026-01-13 18:31Time-of-check time-of-use (toctou) race condition in Windows Kernel Memory allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-20809"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-13T18:16:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Time-of-check time-of-use (toctou) race condition in Windows Kernel Memory allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
"id": "GHSA-637q-m772-j8h6",
"modified": "2026-01-13T18:31:08Z",
"published": "2026-01-13T18:31:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-20809"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-20809"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-638R-J524-9VFM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-11 18:31 – Updated: 2026-08-11 18:31Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Message Queuing allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-65790"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-11T17:18:58Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Message Queuing allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
"id": "GHSA-638r-j524-9vfm",
"modified": "2026-08-11T18:31:39Z",
"published": "2026-08-11T18:31:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-65790"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-65790"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-63GH-G2X5-X69V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-09 16:01 – Updated: 2026-09-09 16:01Microsoft Security Advisory CVE-2026-71328 – .NET and Visual Studio Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Executive summary
Microsoft is releasing this security advisory to provide information about a vulnerability in Microsoft.DiaSymReader.Native. This advisory also provides guidance on what developers can do to update their applications to remove this vulnerability.
Microsoft.DiaSymReader.Native can perform an out of bounds write while processing MSFZ PDB files.
Announcement
Announcement for this issue can be found at https://github.com/dotnet/announcements/issues/440
CVSS Details
- Version: 3.1
- Severity: High
- Score: 8.8
- Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness: CWE-122 (Heap-based Buffer Overflow)
Affected Platforms
- Platforms: Windows
- Architectures: All
Affected Packages
The vulnerability affects any Microsoft .NET project if it uses any of affected package versions listed below
.NET 11 RC1
| Package name | Affected version | Patched version |
|---|---|---|
| Microsoft.DiaSymReader.Native | >= 17.10.0-beta1.24272.1, <= 18.9.0-beta1.26405.1 | 18.9.0-beta1.26405.2 |
.NET 10
| Package name | Affected version | Patched version |
|---|---|---|
| Microsoft.DiaSymReader.Native | >= 17.12.0-beta1.24603.5, <= 18.9.0-beta1.26405.1 | 18.9.0-beta1.26405.2 |
.NET 9
| Package name | Affected version | Patched version |
|---|---|---|
| Microsoft.DiaSymReader.Native | >= 17.12.0-beta1.24603.5, <= 18.9.0-beta1.26405.1 | 18.9.0-beta1.26405.2 |
.NET 8
| Package name | Affected version | Patched version |
|---|---|---|
| Microsoft.DiaSymReader.Native | >= 17.12.0-beta1.24603.5, <= 18.9.0-beta1.26405.1 | 18.9.0-beta1.26405.2 |
Advisory FAQ
How do I know if I am affected?
If using a package listed in affected packages, a project is exposed to the vulnerability.
How do I fix the issue?
- To fix the issue please install the latest version of .NET or Visual Studio.
- If a developer's application references Microsoft.DiaSymReader.Native, update the package reference to version 18.9.0-beta1.26405.2 or later.
Once developers have installed the updated runtime, SDK, Visual Studio, or package, they should restart their apps in order for the update to take effect.
Other Information
Reporting Security Issues
If users have found a potential security issue in a supported version of .NET, please report it to the Microsoft Security Response Center (MSRC) via the MSRC Researcher Portal. Further information can be found in the MSRC Report an Issue FAQ.
Security reports made through MSRC may qualify for the Microsoft .NET Bounty. Details of the Microsoft .NET Bounty Program including terms and conditions are at https://aka.ms/corebounty.
Support
Users can ask questions about this issue on GitHub in the .NET GitHub organization. The main repos are located at https://github.com/dotnet/runtime. The Announcements repo (https://github.com/dotnet/Announcements) will contain this bulletin as an issue and will include a link to a discussion issue. Users can ask questions in the linked discussion issue.
Disclaimer
The information provided in this advisory is provided "as is" without warranty of any kind. Microsoft disclaims all warranties, either express or implied, including the warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. In no event shall Microsoft Corporation or its suppliers be liable for any damages whatsoever including direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, loss of business profits or special damages, even if Microsoft Corporation or its suppliers have been advised of the possibility of such damages. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential or incidental damages so the foregoing limitation may not apply.
External Links
Acknowledgements
41ae55e9310ff27fa6f26af4727e5590
Revisions
V1.0 (09/08/2026): Advisory published.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 18.9.0-beta1.26405.1"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Microsoft.DiaSymReader.Native"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "17.10.0-beta1.24272.1"
},
{
"fixed": "18.9.0-beta1.26405.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-71328"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-09-09T16:01:52Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "# Microsoft Security Advisory CVE-2026-71328 \u2013 .NET and Visual Studio Remote Code Execution Vulnerability\n\n## Executive summary\n\nMicrosoft is releasing this security advisory to provide information about a vulnerability in Microsoft.DiaSymReader.Native. This advisory also provides guidance on what developers can do to update their applications to remove this vulnerability.\n\nMicrosoft.DiaSymReader.Native can perform an out of bounds write while processing MSFZ PDB files.\n\n## Announcement\n\nAnnouncement for this issue can be found at https://github.com/dotnet/announcements/issues/440\n\n## CVSS Details\n\n- **Version:** 3.1\n- **Severity:** High\n- **Score:** 8.8\n- **Vector:** `CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`\n- **Weakness:** CWE-122 (Heap-based Buffer Overflow)\n\n## Affected Platforms\n\n- **Platforms:** Windows\n- **Architectures:** All\n\n## \u003ca name=\"affected-packages\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eAffected Packages\nThe vulnerability affects any Microsoft .NET project if it uses any of affected package versions listed below\n\n### \u003ca name=\".NET 11 RC1\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e.NET 11 RC1\nPackage name | Affected version | Patched version\n------------ | ---------------- | -------------------------\n[Microsoft.DiaSymReader.Native](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.DiaSymReader.Native) | \u003e= 17.10.0-beta1.24272.1, \u003c= 18.9.0-beta1.26405.1 | 18.9.0-beta1.26405.2\n\n### \u003ca name=\".NET 10\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e.NET 10\nPackage name | Affected version | Patched version\n------------ | ---------------- | -------------------------\n[Microsoft.DiaSymReader.Native](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.DiaSymReader.Native) | \u003e= 17.12.0-beta1.24603.5, \u003c= 18.9.0-beta1.26405.1 | 18.9.0-beta1.26405.2\n\n### \u003ca name=\".NET 9\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e.NET 9\nPackage name | Affected version | Patched version\n------------ | ---------------- | -------------------------\n[Microsoft.DiaSymReader.Native](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.DiaSymReader.Native) | \u003e= 17.12.0-beta1.24603.5, \u003c= 18.9.0-beta1.26405.1 | 18.9.0-beta1.26405.2\n\n### \u003ca name=\".NET 8\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e.NET 8\nPackage name | Affected version | Patched version\n------------ | ---------------- | -------------------------\n[Microsoft.DiaSymReader.Native](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.DiaSymReader.Native) | \u003e= 17.12.0-beta1.24603.5, \u003c= 18.9.0-beta1.26405.1 | 18.9.0-beta1.26405.2\n\n## Advisory FAQ\n\n### \u003ca name=\"how-affected\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eHow do I know if I am affected?\n\nIf using a package listed in [affected packages](#affected-packages), a project is exposed to the vulnerability.\n\n### \u003ca name=\"how-fix\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eHow do I fix the issue?\n\n1. To fix the issue please install the latest version of .NET or Visual Studio.\n2. If a developer\u0027s application references Microsoft.DiaSymReader.Native, update the package reference to version 18.9.0-beta1.26405.2 or later.\n\nOnce developers have installed the updated runtime, SDK, Visual Studio, or package, they should restart their apps in order for the update to take effect.\n\n## Other Information\n\n### Reporting Security Issues\n\nIf users have found a potential security issue in a supported version of .NET, please report it to the Microsoft Security Response Center (MSRC) via the [MSRC Researcher Portal](https://msrc.microsoft.com/report/vulnerability/new). Further information can be found in the MSRC [Report an Issue FAQ](https://www.microsoft.com/msrc/faqs-report-an-issue).\n\nSecurity reports made through MSRC may qualify for the Microsoft .NET Bounty. Details of the Microsoft .NET Bounty Program including terms and conditions are at https://aka.ms/corebounty.\n\n### Support\n\nUsers can ask questions about this issue on GitHub in the .NET GitHub organization. The main repos are located at https://github.com/dotnet/runtime. The Announcements repo (https://github.com/dotnet/Announcements) will contain this bulletin as an issue and will include a link to a discussion issue. Users can ask questions in the linked discussion issue.\n\n### Disclaimer\n\nThe information provided in this advisory is provided \"as is\" without warranty of any kind. Microsoft disclaims all warranties, either express or implied, including the warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. In no event shall Microsoft Corporation or its suppliers be liable for any damages whatsoever including direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, loss of business profits or special damages, even if Microsoft Corporation or its suppliers have been advised of the possibility of such damages. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential or incidental damages so the foregoing limitation may not apply.\n\n### External Links\n\n[CVE-2026-71328](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-71328)\n\n### Acknowledgements\n\n41ae55e9310ff27fa6f26af4727e5590\n\n### Revisions\n\nV1.0 (09/08/2026): Advisory published.",
"id": "GHSA-63gh-g2x5-x69v",
"modified": "2026-09-09T16:01:53Z",
"published": "2026-09-09T16:01:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/security/advisories/GHSA-63gh-g2x5-x69v"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-71328"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/dotnet/runtime"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-71328"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Microsoft Security Advisory CVE-2026-71328 \u2013 .NET and Visual Studio Remote Code Execution Vulnerability"
}
GHSA-63H9-RCJV-P4VH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-15 21:31 – Updated: 2026-09-16 15:30In gf_ta_test_set_config of gf_ta_test.c, there is a possible heap buffer overflow due to a logic error in the code. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-58679"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-15T19:17:31Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In gf_ta_test_set_config of gf_ta_test.c, there is a possible heap buffer overflow due to a logic error in the code. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.",
"id": "GHSA-63h9-rcjv-p4vh",
"modified": "2026-09-16T15:30:56Z",
"published": "2026-09-15T21:31:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-58679"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/docs/security/bulletin/pixel/2026/2026-09-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Pre-design: Use a language or compiler that performs automatic bounds checking.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Look for their safe equivalent, which checks for the boundary.
Mitigation
Use OS-level preventative functionality. This is not a complete solution, but it provides some defense in depth.
CAPEC-92: Forced Integer Overflow
This attack forces an integer variable to go out of range. The integer variable is often used as an offset such as size of memory allocation or similarly. The attacker would typically control the value of such variable and try to get it out of range. For instance the integer in question is incremented past the maximum possible value, it may wrap to become a very small, or negative number, therefore providing a very incorrect value which can lead to unexpected behavior. At worst the attacker can execute arbitrary code.